PSI - Issue 6

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 P o edi Structural Integr ty 6 (2017) 27–33 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. XXVII International Conference “Mathematical and Computer Simulations in Mechanics of Solids and Structures”. Fundamentals of Static and Dynamic Fracture (MCM 2017) Effect of surgical defect localization on ultimate load-bearing capacity of human femur: finite-element energy-based assessment S.M. Bosiakov a, *, D.V. Alekseev a , V.V. Silberschmidt b , I.E. Shpileuski c a Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, Minsk 220030, Belarus b Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering Loughborough University, Loughborough Leicestershire, UK Elastic properties and toughness of cortical bone tissue are non-uniformly distributed over its anatomical quadrants. This can have an effect on the bone’s load-bearing capacity after a surgical resection associated with a removal of tumor-like lesions followed by formation of a sectorial bone defect. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the ultimate load-bearing capacity of the femur with the post-resection defect, taking into account various types of distributions of elastic properties and toughness in different quadrants of a cross section of the bone. The elasticity modulus of the bone tissue in the longitudinal direction of the femur is determined based on a nanoindentation test of a human femoral bone specimen. Based on numerical simulations, it is established that the most dangerous – with regard to the occurrence of a pathological fracture – is the localization of the post-resection defect, when a remaining fragment of the bone tissue is located in the anterior quadrant. In this case, the value of the ultimate load is significantly lower compared to that for other variants of localization of the post-resection defect. A non-uniform distribution of fracture toughness in the cross-section of the femur has a greater effect on the magnitude of the ultimate load than non-uniformity of elastic properties. This should be taken into account when evaluating the ultimate load, since averaging the toughness over the bone’s cross-section can result in overestimations. Neglecting non-uniformity of toughness can lead to an incorrect assessment of the ultimate load and to wrong recommendations for postoperative rehabilitation of a patient. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. XXVII International Conference “Mathematical and Computer Simulations in echanics of Solids and Structures”. Fundamentals of Static and Dynamic Fracture (MCM 2017) Effect of surgical defect localization on ultimate load-bearing capacity of human femur: finite-element energy-based assessment S.M. Bosiakov a, *, D.V. Alekseev a , V.V. Silberschmidt b , I.E. Shpileuski c a Belarusian State Universi y, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, Minsk 220030, Belar s b Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering Loughborough University, Loughborough Leicestershire, UK Abstract Elastic pr perties and toughness of cortical bone tissue are non-uniformly distributed over its anatomical quadrants. This can have an effect on the bone’s load-bearing capacity after a surgical resection associated with a removal of tumor-like lesions followed by formation of a sectorial bone defect. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the ultimat load-bearin capacity of the femur with the post-res ti defect, taking into account vario s types of distributions of elastic properties and toughness in different quadrants of a cross sectio of the bone. The elasticity dulus of the bone tissu in the longitudinal direction of the femur is determined b sed on a nanoind ntation test of a human femoral bone specimen. Based on numerical simulations, it is established that the most dangerous – wit rega d to the occurrence of pathological fracture – is t e localizatio of the post-resection defect, wh a remaining fr gment of the bone tissue is located in the anterior quadrant. In this case, the value of the ultimate load is significantly l wer compared t that for other variants of localization of the post-resection defect. A non-uniform distribution of fracture toughness in the cross-section of the fe ur has a greater effect on the magnitude of the ultimate load than non-uniformity of elastic pr perties. This should be taken into account wh n evaluating the ultimate load, since averaging the toughness over the bone’s cross-s ction can result in overestimations. Neglecting non-uniformity of toughness can lead to an incorrect assessment of the ultimate load and to wrong recommendations for postoperative rehabilitation of a patient. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: human femur; nanoindentation; modulus of elasticity; surgical resection; post-resection defect; J -integral; toughness; ultimate load Keywords: human femur; nanoindentation; modulus of elasticity; surgical resection; post-resection defect; J -integral; toughness; ultimate load Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. Abstract

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452 3216 © 2017 Th Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. * Correspon ing author. Tel.: +375-17-209-5345; fax: +375-17-209-5249. E-mail address: bosiakov@bsu.by * Corresponding author. Tel.: +375-17-209-5345; fax: +375-17-209-5249. E-mail address: bosiakov@bsu.by

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216 Copyright  2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.11.005