PSI - Issue 44

Giacomo Lazzerini et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 44 (2023) 163–170 Giacomo Lazzerini et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000

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Building A has an irregular shape in plan, which can be inscribed in a rectangle with dimensions 15.50 m (X direction) x 18.75 m (Y direction). It consists of four storeys: the ground floor has a height of 270 cm and the upper floors have a height of 335 cm. The roof was modelled as flat, but the height of the highest level was increased by one meter (335cm ® 435cm) to account for the weight of the gables (Fig. 4a). Building B has a rectangular plan with dimensions 14.00 m (X-direction) x 10.50 m (Y-direction). There is only one load-bearing wall in the Y-direction. The building consists of four storeys, where the last floor is an attic: the ground floor has a height of 420 cm, the upper floors have a height of 320 cm, and the attic has an average height of 200 cm. The roof was modelled as flat (Fig. 4b). Building C has a rectangular shape with dimensions in plan 14.15 m (X-direction) x 12.55 m (Y-direction). There are two load-bearing walls in the Y-direction. The building consists of four storeys, where the last floor is an attic: the ground floor has a height of 350 cm, the upper floors have a height of 335 cm, and the attic has an average height of 250 cm. The roof was modelled as flat (Fig. 4c). (a) (b) (c)

Fig. 4 Models of “Index” buildings in 3Muri software: Building A (a), Building B (b), Building C (c). Concerning models derived from morphological analysis of the investigated typology (point B section 3.1), two starting models were defined, building P and building Q in Fig. 7, assuming the average values of main geometrical parameters (plan dimensions, height, percentage of openings at base floor, percentage of openings at upper floor). The plan shape and dimensions of buildings P and Q are the same: the plan is rectangular with dimensions 1800 x 1100 cm (matching the average dimensions of the buildings in the typology study). The storey height is 320 cm, except for the last floor which is 420 cm high to account for the additional load of the roof. The roof was modelled as flat. The difference between P and Q buildings lies in the arrangement of the internal load-bearing walls and the floor joist direction. In the P buildings, there are two internal load-bearing walls in the Y direction, parallel to the smaller side, therefore, the floor joists are directed in the X-direction. In the Q buildings, there is a single load-bearing wall in the X-direction, parallel to the longer side, the floor joists are directed in the Y-direction and their span is 5.5 m. (a) (b)

Fig. 5: Numerical models in 3Muri of prototype buildings derived from the typological analysis: Building P (two transversal internal walls) (a) and Building Q (one longitudinal internal wall) (b)