PSI - Issue 40

A.V. Akimova et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 40 (2022) 12–16 A. V. Akimova at al. / StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000

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Tobacco smoking resulted in a positive association of SI with the number of fractures of the ribs (r=0.11, p=0.016), shin bones (r=0.14, p=0.002), clavicle (r=0.2, p<0.0001), skull bones (r=0.11, p=0.02), pelvic bones (r=0.1, p=0.035). The above-mentioned localization of fractures is characteristic of a high level of injury. Probably, in young persons, smoking is associated not so much with a decrease in bone strength or other direct influence on health, but acts as a certain more risky behavior and unsafe lifestyle marker. Never the less, smoking at a young age was reported to associate with unfavorable bone geometry, lower BMD an increased incidence of fractures. This hypothesis is generally confirmed by the results of this study.

Table 1. Comparison of the study groups (Me, 25%, 75%).

Parameter

Main group (n=290) 22 (20÷23)

Control group (n=168)

p

Age, years Height (cm)

0,87 0,16

22 (20÷23)

173,5 (169÷180)

173 (168÷178)

Body mass (kg)

0,065

68 (59÷77)

70 (63÷77)

BMI (kg/m 2 )

<0.0001

22,2 (20,2÷24,3) 178 (170÷184)

23,5 (21,5÷25,2) 175 (168÷180)

Arms span (cm) SI (pack/year)

0,07 0,57

0 (0÷0,625)

0 (0÷0,3)

Fractures, per person

<0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001

0 (0÷1)

0 (0÷0)

Magnesium Deficiency Questionnaire, points

14 (8÷20) 47 (37÷57)

10 (5÷15) 41 (34÷51)

ASI, points

Back pain, VAS points Joint pain, VAS points

2 (0÷5) 0 (0÷3)

0 (0÷2) 0 (0÷1)

The main group had lower BMI values (<0.0001), significantly higher total number of fractures (<0.0001), higher frequency of hands fractures (<0.0001), foot (p=0.007) and skull bones fractures (p=0.048). There were no significant differences in fractures of other localizations. Also, the main group complained of more joint and back pain than control group (see Table). The subjects with UCTD scored significantly more points on the Magnesium Deficiency Questionnaire, and were at risk for magnesium deficiency, as well as more points on the Asthenic State Inventory. The limitations of the study were the registration of fractures according to the report of the examined and, in some cases, the lack of documentary and/or X-ray confirmation of fractures, the lack of data on vertebral fractures, the assessment of BMD and laboratory confirmation of insufficient magnesium supply. 4. Conclusion Thus, a significant predominance of individuals with fractures in the UCTD group was revealed. Hand, foot, facial skull and radial bones fractures were most often associated with phenotypic signs of UCTD. Multiple positive correlations of UCTD signs and fractures of various localizations suggest primarily reduced bone strength in UCTD positive persons. Fractures prevention strategy for the young adults with UCTD is yet to be developed. References Arsentiev V. G., Aseev M. V., Baranov V. S., Voloshina E. A., Staroverov Yu. I., Shabalov N. P. 2010. Study of bone mineral density in children and adolescents with connective tissue dysplasia. Pediatrics 89(5), 73-77. Gromova O. A., Torshin I. Yu. 2012. Magnesium and pyridoxine: fundamentals of knowledge, Moscow, Miklos, pp. 456. Clinical recommendations of the Russian Scientific Medical Society of Therapists on the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with connective tissue dysplasia (first revision). 2018. Medical Bulletin of the North Caucasus 13(1,2), 137-209.