PSI - Issue 38

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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2021) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2021) 000 – 000 ScienceDirect

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

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Procedia Structural Integrity 38 (2022) 382–392

© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Fatigue Design 2021 Organizers © 2021 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Fatigue Design 2021 Organizers The current work shows how to extract insights from strain gages measurements. First of all, improving FE/test correlation may be helped by virtual strain gage analysis. However, strain gage measurement accuracy highly relies on strain gage position and orientation. Consequently, the optimization of sensors positions and orientations, regarding representativity of each independent load case, will reinforce Test Engineer expertise in his test plan specification. Then, the core subject of this paper depicts the load reconstruction process, which means how to get load histories from both strain gage measurements and independent unitary FE load cases, in quasi-static and dynamic framework. As a result, obtaining input loads is a way to extrapolate stress level and life results from discrete points (strain gages) to full component, accessing life results in hot spots with large stress concentration. The theorical background will be described and the methodology on an application case illustrated. © 2021 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Fatigue Design 2021 Organizers FATIGUE DESIGN 2021, 9th Edition of the International Conference on Fatigue Design Digital Twin for Fatigue Analysis Amaury CHABOD Hottinger Bruel & Kjaer France SAS, 46 rue du Champoreux, 91540 Mennecy, France Abstract As part of fatigue from finite elements (FE) analysis inputs (geometry, material, and loading), the stress level in a component is a key input for representativity of simulation. To illustrate, assuming a simplified power law between stress and life in excluding all plasticity, sequence effect and any other non-linearities, a small variation in the stress input value may propagate into a large variation in the output simulated life. To reduce these epistemic uncertainties, correlation with strain gages is a fundamental added value to any FE model, as it permits to validate mesh convergence, model, stiffness, and boundary conditions. The construction of a robust digital twin heavily benefits from this important tool for further usage and to improve predictability. The current work shows how to extract insights from strain gages measurements. First of all, improving FE/test correlation may be helped by virtual strain gage analysis. However, strain gage measurement accuracy highly relies on strain gage position and orientation. Consequently, the optimization of sensors positions and orientations, regarding representativity of each independent load case, will reinforce Test Engineer expertise in his test plan specification. Then, the core subject of this paper depicts the load reconstruction process, which means how to get load histories from both strain gage measurements and independent unitary FE load cases, in quasi-static and dynamic framework. As a result, obtaining input loads is a way to extrapolate stress level and life results from discrete points (strain gages) to full component, accessing life results in hot spots with large stress concentration. FATIGUE DESIGN 2021, 9th Edition of the International Conference on Fatigue Design Digital Twin for Fatigue Analysis Amaury CHABOD Hottinger Bruel & Kjaer France SAS, 46 rue du Champoreux, 91540 Mennecy, France bstract As part of fatigue from finite elements (FE) analysis inputs (geometry, material, and loading), the stress level in a component is a key input for representativity of simulation. To illustrate, assuming a simplified power law between stress and life in excluding all plasticity, sequence effect and any other non-linearities, a small variation in the stress input value may propagate into a large variation in the output simulated life. To reduce these epistemic uncertainties, correlation with strain gages is a fundamental added value to any FE model, as it permits to validate mesh convergence, model, stiffness, and boundary conditions. The construction of a robust digital twin heavily benefits from this important tool for further usage and to improve predictability. The theorical background will be described and the methodology on an application case illustrated.

Keywords: Fatigue, Strain Gage Measurement, Strain gage position optimization, Load Reconstruction

2452-3216 © 2021 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Fatigue Design 2021 Organizers 2452-3216 © 2021 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Fatigue Design 2021 Organizers

2452-3216 © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Fatigue Design 2021 Organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2022.03.039

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