PSI - Issue 37

Koji Uenishi et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 37 (2022) 404–409 Uenishi and Xi / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000

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4. Conclusions Further experimental and numerical study on the dynamics of two-dimensional dry granular slopes under impact loading has indicated the strong influence of confinement on granular dynamics. The pattern of stress transfer and dynamic motion in the confined granular medium are indeed different from the one in an unconfined medium, and in the photographs experimentally taken by a high-speed video camera, buckling-like jump of particles due to the existence of a confining retaining wall can be newly identified. This jump, as well as previously found unidirectional dynamic stress transfer, can be well simulated by the open source code ESyS-Particle. Simulations involving more material heterogeneities such as more rigid seismic barriers and empty cavities have been already performed, which shows other modes of fracture behavior and structural (in)stability due to the action of dynamic impact. Acknowledgements The research has been financially supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) through the “KAKENHI: Grant -in- Aid for Scientific Research (C)” Program under grant number 20K04680. References Debski, W., Klejment, P., 2021. Earthquake Physics beyond the Linear Fracture Mechanics: A Discrete Approach. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 379, 20200132. Uenishi, K., 2010. On a Possible Role of Rayleigh Surface Waves in Dynamic Slope Failures. International Journal of Geomechanics 10, 153 – 160. Uenishi, K., Sakurai, S., 2015. Dynamic Tensile Cracking in Slopes Possibly Induced by Rayleigh Surface Waves. Geomechanics and Geoengineering 10, 212 – 222. Uenishi, K., Goji, T., 2018. Dynamic Fracture and Wave Propagation in a Granular Medium: A Photoelastic Study. Procedia Structural Integrity 13, 769 – 774 Weatherley, D., Hancock, W., Boros, V., Abe, S.: ESyS- Particle Tutorial and User’s Guide Version 2.3.5, https://launchpad.net/esys -particle/, 2021.