PSI - Issue 35

Jarmil Vlach et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 35 (2022) 132–140 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

138

7

Table 9. Impact speed and calculation time. Speed of impactor

Calculation time

Deflection under impactor

(m/s)

(s)

(mm)

Experiment Simulation Simulation Simulation

2 2

-

7.53

270 000 54 000

-

10

7.21 3.57

100

5 500

6. Residual stiffness prediction First, the reference stiffness of the sample was calculated. Then simulations of impacts for 2.5 J, 5 J and 10 J were performed at speeds of 10 m/s and 100 m/s. From the results of the impact analysis performed with the help of the ABAQUS/Explicit solver, groups of completely damaged elements were created. The FE model was subsequently reformulated for the ABAQUS/Standard solver and groups of completely damaged elements were removed from the model for post-impact analysis. To streamline the solver's time requirements for calculation, the effect of impactor speed on accuracy was compared. A summary of the results with failure maps for 3 different energies and 2 speeds is then shown in Fig.7.

Speed of impactor

10 m/s

100 m/s

2.5 J 5 J 10 J

a

d

Stiffness decrease 7.38 %

Stiffness decrease 4.28 %

Impact energy

b

e

Stiffness decrease 8.6 %

Stiffness decrease 8.34 %

f

Stiffness decrease 11.26 %

Stiffness decrease 17.31 %

c

Damage

0 20 40 60 80 100

Fig. 7. Impact, Damage and Residual stiffness results.