PSI - Issue 33

Muhammad Sabiqulkhair Akbar et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 33 (2021) 67–74 Akbar et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000–000

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From this simulation, we could conclude that in the displacement ratio, the ELT ratio value of 9 starts approaching convergence with the displacement ratio is 1.294, and the closest value to the benchmarking analysis is the ELT ratio of 10 with a displacement ratio of 0.97, and the error ratio is 3 percent. For the strain ratio, the ELT ratio value of 7 is the closest to benchmarking analysis with a strain ratio of 1.035, the error ratio is 3.5 percent. The closest value of the stress (von-Mises) ratio is the ELT ratio value of 7 with a stress ratio of 1.019, and the error ratio is 1.9 percent. Overall, the ELT ratio value of 10 is the closest value to the benchmarking analysis. The displacement ratio is 0.97, the strain ratio is 0.917, and the stress ratio is 0.778 in ELT ratio 10, which has an average disparity of 11.16 percent. As a result, this convergence analysis shows the importance of ELT ratio convergence as well as methods for determining discretization error. This study gives evidence of the importance of ELT ratio convergence when simulating the study. By comparing other materials from comparative journals with the same Boundary Condition, the results of the study can be improved. When considering the ELT ratio, it is important to first decide the ELT ratio ranges, then determine the mesh size in detail to obtain the ratio. This will help the author in more accurately estimating the simulation outcome. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the RKAT PTNBH Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta under Scheme of “Penelitian Kolaborasi Internasional UNS” (KI-UNS) - Year 2021, with Grant/Contract No. 260/UN27.22/HK.07.00/2021. The support is gratefully acknowledged by the authors. References Ahmad, M., Ismail, K.A., Mat, F., 2013. Convergence of finite element model for crushing of a conical thin-walled tube. Procedia Engineering 53, 586-593. Carlson, K.D. and Herdman, A.O., 2012. Understanding the impact of convergent validity on research results. Organizational Research Methods 15, 17-32. Elkafas, A.G., Elgohary, M.M. and Zeid, A.E., 2019. Numerical study on the hydrodynamic drag force of a container ship model. Alexandria Engineering Journal 58, 849-859. Genda, H., 2016. Origin of Earth’s oceans: An assessment of the total amount, history and supply of water. Geochemical Journal 50, 27-42. Kharmanda, G., 2016. Integration of multi-objective structural optimization into cementless hip prosthesis design: improved Austin-Moore model. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 19, 1557–1566. Mathai, A., George John, P. and Jacob, J., 2013. Direct strength analysis of container ships. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development 6, 98-106. Muttaqie, T., Thang, D.Q., Prabowo, A.R., Cho, S.R., Sohn, J.M., 2019. Numerical studies of the failure modes of ring-stiffened cylinders under hydrostatic pressure. Structural Engineering and Mechanics 70, 431-443. Oryshchenko, A.S., Leonov, V.P., Mikhailov, V.I., Kuznetsov, P.A. and Alexandrov, A.V., 2020. Titanium in shipbuilding and other technical applications. MATEC Web of Conferences 321, 02001. Prabowo, A.R., Bae, D.M., Sohn, J.M., Cao, B., 2016a. Energy behavior on side structure in event of ship collision subjected to external parameters. Heliyon 2, e00192. Prabowo, A.R., Bahatmaka, A., Cho, J.H., Sohn, J.M., Bae, D.M., Samuel, S., Cao, B., 2016b. Analysis of structural crashworthiness on a non-ice class tanker during stranding accounting for the sailing routes. Maritime Transportation and Harvesting of Sea Resources 1, 645-654. Prabowo, A.R., Baek, S.J., Cho, H.J., Byeon, J.H., Bae, D.M., Sohn, J.M., 2017a. The effectiveness of thin-walled hull structures against collision impact. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures 14, 1345-1360. Prabowo, A.R., Bae, D.M., Cho, J.H., Sohn, J.M., 2017b. Performance assessment on a variety of double side structure during collision interaction with other ship. Curved and Layered Structures 4, 255-271. Prakash, S. and Smitha, K.K., 2018. Structural analysis of midship section using finite element method. In Emerging Trends in Engineering, Science and Technology for Society, CRC Press. Raja, T.I.S., Rajadurai, J.S., 2018. Design of mid ship section based on hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads. International Journal for Scientific Research and Development 6, 633-636.