PSI - Issue 28

D. Rigon et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 28 (2020) 1655–1663 Rigon et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000–000

1660

6

FDM_±45°_rABS and the relevant virgin material produced by FDM (see fig. 3) which could not be explained, in light of the fact that manufacturing IM_rABS does not seem to affect the tensile properties.

Table 3. Mechanical properties of virgin and recycled PP-GF30 produced by FMD and IM.[19][20] Material Process infill density [%] specimen orientation # infill pattern fiber length l + [mm] E [GPa] σ Y [MPa] σ UTS [MPa] ε B [%]

references

vPP-GF30 IM

\

0°

\

0.4

5.6

n.a.

63.1

n.a.

Pegoretti and Ricco (1999) Pegoretti and Ricco (1999) Pegoretti and Ricco (2000) Carneiro et al. (2015) Meneghetti et al (2014) Meneghetti et al (2014) Abdelhaleem et al (2017) Carneiro et al. (2015)

90°

0.4

4.4

n.a.

52.2

n.a.

0°

0.5± 0.7

5.5

n.a.

53.1

n.a.

0° 0° 0° 0°

\

2.3 6.7 6.9 n.a.

n.a.

54

n.a. 3.3 1.6 n.a.

0.7* 3.4*

61.1 51.3

87.1

79 32

rPP-GF30

IM

\

\

n.a.

n.a.

vPP-GF30 FDM

100

F

±45°

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

39.1

n.a.

# for data relevant to IM, “specimen orientation” means the angle between the specimen’s axis and the average fiber orientation. + average fiber length post-manufacturing * weighted average value

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

max. and min value of PP‐GF30 (IM) (Table 2)

39% 25%

σ UTS [MPa]

Figure 5. Ultimate tensile strength results of virgin and recycled PP-GF30 produced by IM and FDM (see ref. in table 3). The IM_vPP-GF30 is taken as the reference materials, where the dotted lines refer to the minimum and maximum value found in the list of refs. reported in Table 3. For the other bars, the error is equal to one standard deviation of the results (data are taken from the Refs. reported in table 3) The synthesis of the static properties of the polypropylene is reported in Table 2 and Fig. 4. The σ UTS of the IM_rPP is approximately 40% lower than IM_rPP, contrary to the observed for the ABS. On the other hand, the σ UTS from FDM tensile test are fairly in agreement with the scatter band defined by (maximum value – minimum value) of σ UTS of IM_vPP. Furthermore, no significant dependency on the infill pattern can be observed in Fig. 4. Although the