PSI - Issue 27

Nurul Huda et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 27 (2020) 140–146 Huda and Prabowo / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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Table 1. Comparisons of resin properties. Material

Polyester

Vinyl ester

Epoxy 1250 3100 1500 0.390

Mass Density kg/m³

1200 3550 1350 0.380

1100 3350 1400 0.260

Elastic Modulus N/mm² Shear Modulus N/mm²

Poisson's Ratio

Tensile Breaking Strength N/mm² Shear Breaking Strength N/mm²

55 50

75 65

75 80

Table 2. The elastic property of composite materials. Material

Polyester/ Unidirectional E-glass

Vinyl ester/ Unidirectional E-glass

Epoxy/ Unidirectional E-glass

Elastic Modulus in 1 N/m² Elastic Modulus in 2 N/m² Elastic Modulus in 3 N/m²

25688 5655 5655 0.301 0.066 2212 1548 2212 1636

24256 4721 4721 0.228 0.044 2206 1544 2206 1514

26066 5100 5100 0.306 0.060 2486 1740 2486 1682

Poisson's Ratio in 12 Poisson's Ratio in 23

Shear Modulus in 12 N/m² Shear Modulus in 23 N/m² Shear Modulus in 13 N/m²

Mass Density kg/m³

Tensile Strength in 1 N/m² Tensile Strength in 2 N/m²

555

589

702

24

23

27

Compressive Strength in 1 N/m² Compressive Strength in 2 N/m²

370

393

468

70

66

79

4. Results and discussion The result of the five layers shows the effect of fiber orientation in the three different types of a matrix. The smallest von-Mises stress occurred in the second layer with unidirectional fiber E-glass matrix Vinyl ester with a value of 2.73 MPa with a ply angle of 60°, as shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 displays the effect of the ply angle on the von-Mises stress at layer 1, where the von-Mises stresses at angles 0°, 15°, and 30°, tend to be similar, and there is a decrease at angle 45°, then increase at angles 60°, 75°, and 90°. Fig. 4 shows the effect of ply angle on the von-Mises stress at layer 2. It can be observed that there is an extreme decrease in von-Mises stresses at angles 15° and 30°. Von-Mises stress on layer 3 (see Fig. 4) decreases along the increment of ply angle has the same trend as ply 2 with minimum von-Mises stress 3.73 MPa at Vinyl ester matrix with angle 90°. Tendency shows different stress results in each layer, where the maximum stress of 15.49 MPa occurs in the fifth layer (outer layer) of the unidirectional fiber E-glass matrix and Epoxy with ply angle 90° as illustrated in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 depicts the effect of the angle on the von-Mises stress at layer 4, with the maximum von-Mises stress 9.23 MPa on the Epoxy material matrix with a ply angle of 90°. Layer 5 (see Fig. 7) shows that the von-Mises stress increase along with the increment of ply angle that is close to the same trend with layer 4, with maximum stress 15.49 MPa on Epoxy matrix material with angle 90°. The most significant deflection 18.86 mm occurs in a Polyester matrix with a ply angle 60° shown in Fig. 8. .