PSI - Issue 2_B

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 2315–2322 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Sci nceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy On monitoring mechanical characteristics of rolled electrolytic copper Donka Angelova, Svetla Yankova, Rozina Yordanova, Gergana Atanasova University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski, Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria Abstract Rolling technology for producing high-electrical-conductivity-copper strips and their quality are under investigation. The technology is designed for and used in the Bulgarian Metallurgical Plant SOFIA MED SA, Sofia. The copper strips are produced in three different tempers – soft, half hard and hard – under different rolling and heat-treatment conditions. The copper strips from different tempers are subjected to specialized testing and their mechanical and high-electrical-conductivity characteristics analyzed. On the basis of mechanical rolled-strip parameters – yield strengths, R e , ultimate tensile strengths, R m , Vickers hardness, HV, and longation after fracture, A, – some Stress-hardn ss and S ress-hardnes -elongation spaces have been plotted. The e Sp ces can be us d as an instrument for general evaluation of the appli d rolling technology and for prediction of co per strip mechanical b haviour unde given exploitatio conditions. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: rolled electrolytic-tough-pitch copper strips; copper in soft temper; copper in half hard temper; copper in hard temper 1. Introduction Copper is one of the non-ferrous metals which shows a combination of high electrical conductivity, necessary strength and elasticity, high creep and corrosion fatigue resistance; the high-electrical-conductivity copper has exceptional plasticity. All these properties make copper suitable for many applications, mostly for electrical needs. When materials have to be produced under special requirements, their properties are influenced by many factors which have to be taken into consideration; in this case the rolled copper properties depend on chemical composition, casting conditions, regimes of hot and cold deformation, and on heat treatment. In the present work some research is done on high-electrical-conductivity copper strips produced in the Bulgarian Metallurgical Plant SOFIA MED SA, Sofia in three different tempers– soft, half hard and hard – which show different microstructural characteristics, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. Copper in soft temper is used mainly for transformer production, and in half hard and hard temper – in electrical applications, automotive industry, household appliances. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy On monitoring mechanical characteristics of rolled electrolytic copper Donka Angelova, Svetla Yankova, Rozina Yordanova, Gergana Atanasova University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 St. Kliment Ohridski, Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria Abstract Rolling technology for producing high-electrical-conductivity-copper strips and their quality are under investigation. The technology is designed for and used in t e Bulgarian Metallurgical Plant SOFIA MED SA, Sof a. Th copp strip are produced in three different tempers – soft, half hard and h rd – unde different rolling and heat-treatment conditions. The cop er strips from different tempers are subjected to specialized testing an th ir mecha ic l and high-electrical-conductivity characterist c analyzed. O he basis of mechanical rolled-strip parameters – yield strengths, R e , ultimate tensile streng hs, R m , Vicker hardness, HV, and elongation after fractu e, A, – some Stress-hardness and Stress-hardness-elongation spac s have been plott d. These Spaces ca be used as an inst ument for ge ral evaluation of the applied r ll ng t chn lo y a d for predictio of copp r strip mechanical behaviour under given xploit tion conditions. © 2016 The Authors. Publishe by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under esponsibility of th Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: rolled electrolytic-tough-pitch copper strips; copper in soft temper; copper in half hard temper; copper in hard temper 1. Introduction Copper is one of the non-ferrous metals which shows a combination of high electrical conductivity, necessary strength and elasticity, h gh creep and c rrosion fatigue resistance; the high-electrical-c nductivity copper has exceptio al plasticity. All these properties make co per suitable for many applications, mostly for electrical needs. When materials have to be produced under special requirements, their properties are influenced by any factors wh h have to be taken into consid ration; in this case the rolled coppe properties de end on chemical composition, casting condit ons, regimes of hot a d ld formatio , and on heat treatment. In the res nt work s me research is d ne high-ele trical-conduct vity copper strips produced in the Bulgarian Metallurgical Plant SOFIA MED SA, Sofia n thr e different tempers– soft, half hard and hard – which show diffe ent microst uctural characteristics, mechanical properties and l c rical conductivity. Copper i soft temper s u ed mainly for transformer production, and in half hard and hard temper – in electrical applications, automotive indus ry, household appl ances. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und r responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.290