PSI - Issue 2_B

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com cienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 1405–1412 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Tensile fracture of integrated single-crystal silicon nanowire using MEMS electrostatic testing device Toshiyuki Tsuchiya*, Tetsuya Hemmi, Jun-ya Suzuki, Yoshikazu Hirai, Osamu Tabata Department of Micro Engineerng, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku-Katsura C3, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan Tensile testing of single-crystal silicon (SCS) nanowire integrated into electrostatic micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) device was conducted. The nanowire was fabricated using batch process for future integration of nanowires to MEMS sensors or actuators. The tensile specimen of SCS nanowire has a circular cross section of 100 to 200 nm in diameter, 5 μ m long. The diameter was controlled by oxidizing 800-nm square cross-sec ion wires fabricated using electron beam lithography. The oxidizing thinning process also reduced the surface roughness. On-chip tensile testing using an electrostatic actuator and sensor was conducted for the specimen of 190 nm in cross-section size. The tensile strength of the wire was 2.6 GPa. The strength and fracture properties were discussed by comparing with a silicon nanowire fabricated using two-step Bosch process to examine the difference in surface finishing. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Silicon, Nanowire, Tensile testing, Fracture, MEMS 1. Introduction Silicon nanowire has attracted great attentions as a semiconductor nanostructure component for a wide range of applications because of its excellent mechanical and electrical properties and the capability to downscale the whole device. As one of these applications, chemical and biological sensors (Park et al. (2010) and Gao et al. (2007)) are expected utilizing the extremely high surface-to-volume ratio of silicon nanowires. In the previous reports, a silicon nanowire was directly fabricated on its substrate surface. To improve the sensitivity and response time, a free- d l tee of C 1. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is a open ac ess ar icle under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Abstract

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +81-75-383-3691; fax: +81-75-383-3738. E-mail address: tutti@me.kyoto-u.ac.jp

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.178