PSI - Issue 2_B

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com Scie ceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Struc ural Integrity 2 (2016) 1684–1691 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Sci nceD rect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Temperature a d Loading-Rate Dependence on a Local Criterion for Cleavage Fracture in the Transition Region of the Tempered Martensitic Steel Eurofer97. S. Knitel*, P. Spätig, H.P. Seifert Laboratory for Nuclear Materials, Nuclear Energy and Safety, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switezrland Abstract Finite element calculations of stationary cracks were performed in the ductile to brittle transition region of the reduced activation tempered martensitic steel Eurofer97, for which a large fracture toughness database was already available. Two models were run in this work: i) compact tension specimens simulated in 3D, and ii) small scale yielding boundary layer model in 2D plane strain condit ons. The analys s was focused on the u usual l w fracture toughness of Eurofer97 on the lower shelf, with respect to other "ferriti " steels, as well a in he lower transition. The analys s of the near tip st e s fiel suggested tha the minimum stress intensity factor the lower helf represents the minimum loading condition to have the local fracture stress act over a distance of the order of the pri r austenite grain size. The effect of loading rate on the tip stress fields were als investigated by consideri g a strain rate dependence of the flow stress explicitly in t e finite element calculations. These effects were shown to be non-negligible and to depend on the ratio between the peak stress in the fracture process zone and the local fracture stress. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: tempered martensitic steels, ductile-to-brittle transition, finite element simulations, local approach of quasi-cleavage 1. Introduction High-chromium reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels are the reference first-wall and blanket structural materials for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor test blanket modules and future fusion 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Temperature and Loading-Rate Dependence on a Local Criterion for Cleavage Fracture in the Transition Region of the Tempered Martensitic Steel Eurofer97. S. Knitel*, P. Spätig, H.P. Seifert Laboratory for Nuclear Materials, Nuclear Energy and Safety, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switezrland Abstract Finite element calculations of stationary cracks were performed in the ductile to brittle transition region of the reduced activation temp r d ar ensitic steel Eurofer97, for which a larg fracture toughness database was lready ava lable. Two mod ls were ru in this work: i) compact tension specimens simul ted in 3D, and ii) small sc le yielding boun ary l yer model in 2D plan strai conditions. The analysis wa focus d on the un sual low fracture toughnes of Eurofer97 n the lower shelf, with respect to other "ferritic" te ls, as well as in the lower transition. The analysis f t e n ar tip str ss field sugg sted that the minimum stress int ns ty factor on t e owe shelf repr sents the minimum loading condition o h v the local fracture stress act over a ista ce of the order of the prior austenite grain size. The effect f oadi g ra e on the tip stress ields wer also inv stigated by conside ing a str in rate dependence of the flow str ss explicitly in the finite lement calculations. These effe ts w re shown o be non-negligibl and o de n on the r tio betw en th peak stress in the fracture process zone and t local fracture stress. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under espons bility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: tempered martensitic steels, ductile-to-brittle transition, finite element simulations, local approach of quasi-cleavage 1. Introduction High-chromium reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels are the reference first-wall and blanket structural materials for th International Thermonuclear Experimental R acto test blanket modules and future fusion Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +41-(0)56-310-4398; fax: +41-(0)56-310-2199. E-mail address: serafin.knitel@psi.ch 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +41-(0)56-310-4398; fax: +41-(0)56-310-2199. E-mail address: serafin.knitel@psi.ch

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.213