PSI - Issue 2_A

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Computational Model for Delamination Growth at SMA-GFRP Interfa e of Hybrid Composite A. Lo Conte a, ∗ , C.A. Bi ffi b , A. Tuissi b , A. Ali a a Politecnico di Milano, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Via G. La Masa 1, Milano 20156, Italy. b National Research Council CNR, Institute for Energetics and Interphases, Corso Promessi Sposi, 29, Lecco 23900, Italy. Abstract A cohesive model of the new interface of the CuZnAl SMA / GFRP hybrid composite is proposed and the interfacial delamination under Mode II loading conditions, between plain CuZnAl SMA sheet insert and GFRP matrix, as well as between CuZnAl SMA sheet insert having elliptical hole pattern and GFRP matrix, are studied in detail. The results of the pull-out tests with plain sheet insert are used to calculate the interfacial parameters of the hybrid composite. With these parameters, the cohesive interaction and failure mechanism for hybrid composite with plain sheet, as well as with patterned sheet insert, is modelled. The e ffi cacy of the laser patterned SMA sheet inserts to improve the overall interfacial strength in the new laminated SMA / GFRP hybrid composite for applications, such as light weight and high damping material under dynamic loads, is validated. c 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review u der responsibil ty of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Hybrid composite, Delamination, Finite element analysis, Cohesive interface; 1. Introduction Since Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) hybrid composites were first proposed, these composites have attracted great attention for the improvement of creep and fatigue prop rties, strength and damping capacity, large recoverable strain and recovery stress, and also to control the shape and vibration response properties, natively with “multi-functionality” or adaptive properties. A vari ty of SMA hybrid composites have been designed, with SMA elements being either the matrix or the reinforcement (Zhang and Zhao (2007)). Among these materials, the SMA / Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) hybrid composite with SMA embedded in the bulk GFRP, is especially very important due to the enormous potential to be used in real-life engineering environment, thereby exploiting its light weight, sti ff ness and damping properties (Ni et al. (2007)). In Bocciolone et al. (2013), a new design interface of SMA / GFRP hybrid composite, in the shape of thin beams or plates, was proposed. The objective of this design was to improve the structural damping of the GFRP structure for 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Computational Model for Delamination Growth at SMA-GFRP Interface of Hybrid Composite A. Lo Conte a, ∗ , C.A. Bi ffi b , A. Tuissi b , A. Ali a a Politecnico di Milano, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Via G. La Masa 1, Milano 20156, Italy. b National Research Council CNR, Institute for Energetics and Interphases, Corso Promessi Sposi, 29, Lecco 23900, Italy. Abstract A cohesive model of the new interf ce of the CuZnAl SMA / GFRP hybrid composite is proposed and the interfacial delamination under Mode II loading conditions, between plain CuZnAl SMA sheet insert and GFRP matrix, as well as between CuZnAl SMA sheet insert having elliptical hole pattern and GFRP matrix, are studied in detail. The results of the pull-out tests with plain sheet insert are used to calculate the interfacial parameters of the hybrid composite. With these parameters, the cohesive interaction and failure mechanism for hybrid composite with plain sheet, as well as with patterned sheet insert, is modelled. The e ffi cacy of the laser patterned SMA sheet inserts to improve the overall interfacial strength in the new laminated SMA / GFRP hybrid composite for applications, such as light weight and high damping material under dynamic loads, is validated. c 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Hybrid composite, Delamination, Finite element analysis, Cohesive interface; 1. Introduction Since Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) hybrid composites were first proposed, these composites have attracted great attention for the improvement of creep and fatigue properties, strength and damping capacity, large recoverable strain and recovery stress, and also to control the shape and vibration response properties, natively with “multi-functionality” or adaptive properties. A variety of SMA hybrid composites have been designed, with SMA elements being either the matrix or the reinforcement (Zhang and Zhao (2007)). Among these materials, the SMA / Glass Fibre Reinforced Poly er (GFRP) hybrid composite with SMA embedded in the bulk GFRP, is especially very important due to the enormous potential to be used in real-life engineering environment, thereby exploiting its light weight, sti ff ness and damping properties (Ni et al. (2007)). In Bocciolone et al. (2013), a new design interface of SMA / GFRP hybrid composite, in the shape of thin beams or plates, was proposed. The objective of this design was to improve the structural damping of the GFRP structure for 21st uropean onference on Fracture, F21, 20-24 June 2016, atania, Italy o t ti l l f r l ination ro th at S - F P I t rf f ri sit A. Lo Conte a, ∗ , C.A. Bi ffi b , A. uissi b , A. Ali a a Politecnico di Milano, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Via G. La Masa 1, Milano 20156, Italy. b National Research Council CNR, Institute for En rgetics and Inte phases, Corso Promessi Sposi, 29, Lecco 23900, Italy. Abstract A cohesive odel of the new interface of the CuZnAl SMA / GFRP hybrid composite is proposed and the interfacial delamination under Mode II loading conditions, between plain CuZnAl SMA sheet insert and GFRP matrix, as well as between CuZnAl SMA sheet insert having elliptical hole pattern and GFRP matrix, ar studied in detail. The results of the pull-out tests with plain sheet insert are used to calculate the interfacial para eters of the hybrid co posite. ith these para eters, the cohesive interaction and failure echanism for hybrid co posite with plain sheet, as well as with patterned sheet insert, is modelled. The e cacy of the laser patterned SMA sheet inserts to improve the overall interfacial strength in the new laminated SMA / GFRP hybrid composite for applications, such as light weight and high damping material under dynamic loads, is validated. c 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Co ittee of ECF21. Keywords: Hybrid composite, Delamination, Finite element an lysis, Cohesive interface; 1. Introduction Since Shape e ory lloy (S ) hybrid co posites ere first proposed, these co posites have attracted great attention for the i provement of creep and fatigue properties, strength and damping capacity, large recoverable strain and recovery stress, and also to control the shape and vibration response properties, natively with “ ulti-functionality” or adaptive properties. A variety of SMA hybrid composites have been designed, ith SMA elements being either the matrix or the reinforce ent (Zhang and Zhao (2007)). Among these materials, the SMA / Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) hybrid composite with SMA embedded in the bulk GFRP, is especially very important due to the enormous potential to be used in real-life engineering environ ent, thereby exploiting its light eight, sti ff ness and da ping properties ( i et al. (2007)). In Bocciolone et al. (2013), a ne design interface of SMA / GFRP hybrid composite, in the shape of thin beams or plates, was proposed. The objective of this design as to improve the structural damping of the GFRP structure for Copyright © 2016 The Author . Published by Elsevier B.V. This is a open ac ess article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licens s/by-nc-nd/4.0/). r review under esponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.195 ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 39-02-2399-8223 ; fax: + 39-02-2399-8202. E-mail address: antonietta.loconte@polimi.it 2452-3216 c 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. ∗ Corresponding auth r. Tel.: + 39-02-2399-8223 ; fax: + 39-02-2399-8202. E-mail address: antonietta.loconte@polimi.it 2452-3216 c 016 The Authors. P blished by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und r responsibility of the Scientifi Committee of ECF21. ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 39-02-2399-8223 ; fax: + 39-02-2399-8202. E-mail address: antonietta.loconte polimi.it 2452-3216 c 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt