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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Fatigue crack growth n ar regions with differing stiffness Gunter Kullmer*, Wadim Reschetnik, Britta Schramm, Hans-Albert Richard Institute of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Paderborn, Pohlweg 47-49, 33098 Paderborn, Germany Abstract The choice of suitable process parameters can influence Young´s modulus of additively manufactured materials. Thereby regions with different stiffness can be generated to achieve a material gradation adapted to the loading of a component. Similar components can be produced with graded materials that are the topic of the Collaborative Research Centre TRR 30 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). If cracks grow near regions with differing stiffness, curved crack paths occur. In order to establish basic rules about the propagation behaviour of fatigue cracks in regions with differing stiffness the crack paths and the stress intensity factors for such cracks are numerically determined with the specially designed numerical crack growth simulation program ADAPCRACK3D. Hereby the orientation angle of the region boundaries and Young´s modulus of these regions are varied. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Curved crack path; crack growth simulation; change in stiffness; finite elements 1. Introduction A gradation of the materi l properties adapt d to the local loading of a component is an important topic of the Collaborative Research Centre TRR 30 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). An appropriate material gradation through different values of Young´s modulus is achievable by the choice of suitable process parameters during the selective laser melting (SLM). SLM is an additive manufacturing process and is one of the main research fields of the Direct Manufacturing Research Center (DMRC) of the Paderborn University. By the simultaneous use of two lasers with different output for the manufacturing of particular regions of a component it is possible to create regions with different Young´s modulus within the component although only one type of powder is used during the 21st European Conference on Fracture, ECF21, 20-24 June 2016, Catania, Italy Fatigue crack growth near regions with differing stiffness Gunter Kullmer*, Wadim Reschetnik, Britta Schramm, Hans-Albert Richard Institute of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Paderborn, Pohlweg 47-49, 33098 Paderborn, Germany Abstract The choice of suitable process parameters can infl ence Young´s modulus of additively manufactured materials. Thereby regions with different stiffn ss can be gen rated to achi ve a material gradati n a apted to the loading of a component. Similar components can be produced with g ded materials that are the topic of the Collab rative Research Centre TRR 30 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinsc f (DFG). If cracks grow near regions with differing stiffness, curved rack paths occur. In order to establish basic rules about t e propagation behaviour of f tigue cracks in regio s with differing stiffness the cra k paths and he tress intensity factors for such cracks ar numerically det rmined with the specially desi ned umerical crack growth simulation program ADAPCRACK3D. Hereby the orientation angle of the region boundaries and Young´s modulus of these regions are varied. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under espons bility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. Keywords: Curved crack path; crack growth simulation; change in stiffness; finite elements 1. Introduction A gradation of t e material properties adapted to the local loading of component is an important topic of the Collaborative Research Centre TRR 30 of the Deutsche Forschungs emeinschaft (DFG). An a propriate material grad ti n through different values of Young´s modulus is achievable by the choice of suitable process parameters during the selective laser melting (SLM). SLM is an additive manufacturing process and is one of the main research fields of the Direct Manufacturing Research Center (DMRC) of the Paderborn University. By the simulta eous use of two lasers with different output for the manufacturing of particular regions of a component it is possible to create regions with different Young´s modulus within the comp nent although only ne type of powder is used during th Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review und r responsibil ty of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under r sponsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-5251-60-5320; fax: +49-5251.60-5322 E-mail address: kullmer@fam.upb.de * Corresponding author. Tel.: +49-5251-60-5320; fax: +49-5251.60-5322 E-mail ad ress: kullmer@fam.upb.de

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ). Peer review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ECF21. 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.375