PSI - Issue 19

Aissa Ouballouch et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 19 (2019) 433–441 Aissa Ouballouch et al./ Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

441

9

3.4. Fatigue analysis The results of neat PA model and KRPA model with real density are shown in Figure 10. The experimental findings in terms of mechanical properties and density were used to implement the finite element model. The fatigue and safety factor of neat filament are illustrated respectively in Figure 10-c) and 10-d), while those of KRPA ones are depicted in Figure10-a) and 10-b). As can be seen from these pictures, the impact of Kevlar reinforcement on the fatigue properties is observed.

b)

a)

c)

d)

Fig. 10. Resulting fatigue properties from FEA

4. Conclusions Chopped glass and Kevlar fibers reinforced nylon composites were fabricated additively by FDM technology. The effect of layer thickness, print speed and extrusion temperature on these reinforced PA samples was investigated, independently in terms of tensile and fatigue properties, dimensional accuracy and total cost. The FDM composites were found to exhibit tensile strengths which were superior to that of neat nylon for Kevlar reinforced PA. Comparing the fiber reinforcing investigated in this study it was found that the nylon composite strength was in the following order: Chopped Kevlar fiber> chopped glass fiber. Dimensional accuracy of KRPA is more affected by the printing parameters than GRPA. Ultimate tensile strength of GRPA is less impacted by the processing parameters than KRPA. Total cost of KRPA and GRPA are affected by the PPs following the same trend. In addition, the fatigue analysis showed the effect of Kevlar reinforcement in enhancing fatigue properties of RPA. A finite element analysis is required to provide a helpful model for understanding numerically the effect of these evaluated processing parameters. References Alafaghani, A. et al. ( 2017) ‘Experimental Optimization of Fused Deposition Modelling Processing Parameters: A Design -for-Manufacturing Approach’, Procedia Manufacturing. Elsevier B.V., 10, pp. 791– 803. doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.079. ‘Apparatus for production of three -dimens ional objects by stereolithography’ (1984). Available at: https://patents.google.com/patent/US4575330A/en (Accessed: 22 October 2019). ASTM F2792 - 12 Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies, (no date). Available at: https://www.astm.org/DATABASE.CART/HISTORICAL/F2792-12.htm (Accessed: 30 October 2019). Chua, C. K., Leong, K. F. and Lim, C. S. (Chu S. (2003) Rapid prototyping : principles and applications. World Scientific. Av ailable at: https://books.google.se/books/about/Rapid_Prototyping.html?id=dd5ddgDOsGMC&redir_esc=y (Accessed: 30 October 2019). COREXTRUSION – Spécialiste de l’extrusion de filaments 3D sur mesure (no date). Available at: https://www.corextrusion-group.com/ (Accessed: 9 October 2019). Dudek, P. (2013) ‘FDM 3D printing technology in manufacturing composite elements’, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, 58(4), pp. 1415– 1418. doi: 10.2478/amm-2013-0186. Imprimante 3D Professionnelle | VOLUMIC 3D (no date). Available at: https://www.imprimante-3d-volumic.com/fr/volumic-3d.cfm (Accessed: 22 October 2019).