PSI - Issue 14

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 14 (2019) 696–7 4 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018 Analysis of structures subjected to crowd loads Angitha Vijayan a , Nimmy Mariam Abraham a* , Anitha Kumari S D a a M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, 560058, India Abstract The movement of people on any structure induces dynamic crowd load. The enthusiastic potential behavior of people from overwhelming happiness in concert, shows etc. on structures such as stadiums, auditorium, grandstands, bridges, malls and convention centers causes synchronized rhythmic movements. Resonance between forcing frequency and one or more natural frequencies of the structure resulting from human-structure synchronization leads to strong vibrations. Such vibrations not only affect structural stability, but also create discomfort among pe ple. Pedestrian induced lateral vibration f Millennium Bridge, London is a classic example for the same. Crowd loads impose vertical as well as horizontal loads on the structure. Both these loads induce vibrations in corresponding directions. Beyond an acceptable limit of vibration level, people may feel uncomfortable. If there is a mode of low natural frequency, even a significantly low forcing frequency can lead to strong vibrations, which in turn may cause panic. The present research focuses on analysis of a simply supported slab strip subjected to crowd load. The crowd-structure interaction is analytically modelled and the modal parameters and the response of the occupied structure are determined. Furthermore, the effect of various parameters such as crowd size, crowd location and crowd activity on the behavior of occupied structure is studied. The comfort level of the people on the structure is also estimated. It is observed that crowd parameters affect the behavior of the system as well as the comfort level of the occupants. It is further seen that the trend of variation of natural frequency of the occupied structure with variation in crowd properties changes with change in the empty structure properties. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity and Exhibition 2018 Analysis of structures subjected to crowd loads Angitha Vijayan a , Nimmy Mariam Abraham a* , Anitha Kumari S D a a M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, 560058, India Abstract Th movement of people on a y s ructure induces dynamic crowd load. The enth s astic potential behavio of people from overwhelming happine s in concert, shows etc. on structures such as stadiums, auditorium, gra dstands, bridges, malls and conv tion cen ers causes synchro ized rhyth ic movem nts. Resonance between fo ci frequency and one or more natural frequencies of the structure resulting from human-s ructure synchronization leads to strong vibrations. Such v brations not only affect structural tability, but also cre te disc mfort mong peopl . Pede trian induced lateral vibration of Millennium Bridge, London is a classic example for the same. Crowd l ads impose vertical as wel as horiz ntal lo ds on the structure. Both th se loads induce vibrations in c rr sponding directions. Be ond an acceptable limit o v bration l vel, people may feel uncomfortable. If there is mod of low natu al frequency, even a significantly low forcing frequ ncy can lead to strong vibrations, which in turn may cause p nic. The present research focuses on analysis of simply supported slab strip subje ted to crowd load. The crowd-str c ure interaction is analytically modell d and t e modal parameters and the response f the occupied structure are determin . Furthe more, the effect of various paramet rs such as crowd size, crowd locat on and crowd activity on the behavior of occupied structure s studied. Th comfort level of the peopl on the stru ture is also e timat d. It is observed that crowd parameters affect the behavior of the system as well as the comfort level of the occupants. It i fur er seen tha the trend of variation of natural frequency of the occupied structure with variation in crowd properties changes with change in the empty structure properties. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND lic nse (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- c-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers.

© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: Crowd; human structure interaction; frequency; vibration Keywords: Crowd; human structure interaction; frequency; vibration

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-944-823-4542 . E-mail address: nimmy555@gmail.com * Correspon ing author. Tel.: +91-944-823-4542 . E-mail address: nimmy555@gmail.com

2452-3216© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 2452-3216© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is a open access article und r the CC BY-NC-ND lic nse (https://creat vecommons.org/licenses/by- c-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Peer-review under responsibility of the SICE 2018 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2019.05.087