PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available o line at www.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structural Integrity 13 (2018) 218 –2183 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect StructuralI tegrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Experimental Approach to Fracture Mechanics in Nanometer Scale Takayuki Kitamura a , Takashi Sumigawa a Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan Abstract The experimental requirements to understand the strength of bulk material have been intensively investigated in terms of the solid mechanics and the knowledge for evaluating the main characteristics are already standardized from macroscopic viewpoints. On the other hand, in recent years, industrial needs as well as academic interests require the mechanical testing in micro- and nano-scale materials and extensive effort has been conducted for the development of methodology. It is not only because of furthe evolution in small devices such as electronic devices and MEMS/NEMSs but also because of multiscale modelling for a large component for precise design based on the numerical simulations. The miniaturization scale in testing methodology is reaching at almost nanometer order. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: nano-scale, crack propagation, continuum mechanics 1. Introduction The experimental requirements to understand the strength of bulk material have been intensively investigated in terms of the solid mechanics and the knowledge for evaluating the main characteristics are already standardized from macroscopic viewpoints. On the other hand, in r cent years, industrial needs as well as academic interests require the mechanical testing in micro- and nano-scale materials and extensive effort has been conducted for the development of methodology. It is not only because of further evolution in small devices such as electronic devices and MEMS/NEMSs but also because of multiscale modelling for a large component for precise design based on the numerical simulations. The miniaturization scale in testing methodology is reaching at almost nanometer order. Mechanics of materials in small scale has been investigated in this decade by experiments and numerical simulations [1]. The most important issue in the challenge is on the applicability of concept and knowledge that researchers have established for macro-materials based on continuum mechanics. For the investigation in micro and nanometer scales, the mechanical validity is the key point in experiments. In this review, synthesizing experimental results and fracture nanomechanics concept, reported in [2,3], we explore the applicability of continuum mechanics to cracking in not only nanometer scale but also in the atomic scale. The special focus is on the detail in the experimental methodology. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental effects on Structural Integrity Experimental Approach to Fracture Mechanics in Nanometer Scale Takayuki Kitamura a , Takashi Sumigawa a Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan Abstract The experimental requirements to understand the strength of bulk material have been intensively investigated in terms of the solid m chanics and the k owledge for evaluating the main characteristics are already standardized from macroscopic viewpoints. On the other hand, in recent years, industrial needs as well as academic interests require the mechanical testing in micro- and na o-scale materials and xtensive effort h s been conducted for the development of met odology. It is not only be ause of further evolution in small devices such as electronic devic s and MEMS/NEMSs but also because of multiscale modelling for a large component for pr cis design based on the num rical simulations. The mini turization scale in te ting ethodology is re ching at almost nanometer order. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: nano-scale, crack propagation, continuum mechanics 1. Introduction The experimental requirements to understand the strength of bulk material have been intensively investigated in terms of the solid mechanics and the knowledge for evaluating the main characteristics are already standardized from macroscopic vi wpoints. On the other hand, in recent years, industrial needs as wel as academic inter sts requi the echani l testing in micro- and nano-scale materials and extensive effort has been conducted for the development of ethodology. It is not only because of further evolution in small devices such as electronic devices and MEMS/NEMSs but also because of multiscale modelling for a large component for precise design based on the numerical simulations. The miniaturization scale in testing methodology is reaching at almost nanometer order. Mechanics of materials in s all scale has been investigated in this decade by experiments and numerical simulations [1]. The most important issue in the challenge is on the applicability of concept and knowledge that researchers have established for macro-materials based on continuum mechanics. For the investigation in micro and nanometer scales, the mechanical validity is the key point in experiments. In this review, synthesizing experimental results and fracture nanomechanics concept, reported in [2,3], we explore the applicability of continuum mechanics to cracking in not only nano eter scale but also in the atomic scale. The special focus is on the detail in the experimental methodology. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 2452-3216© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.144