PSI - Issue 13

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structural Integrity 13 (2018) 2089–2 94 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Structural Integrity Procedia 0 (2018) 0– 0 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental e ff ects on Structural Integrity Non-contact excitation and focusing of guided waves in CFRP composite plate by air-coupled transducers for application in damage detection Michal Jurek a,b, ∗ , Maciej Radzienski a , Pawel Kudela a , Wieslaw Ostachowicz a a Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland b Rzeszow University of Technology, Poznanska 2, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland Abstract Guided waves have been utilized in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) for many years. The vast majority of applications are based on contact wave excitation by using a group of piezoelectric transducers attached to the surface of a structure. However, in some cases piezoelectric transducers cannot be used directly on the structure and non contact wave excitation methods are preferable. The paper presents the results of laboratory investigations utilizing air-coupled excitation with the use of ultrasound transmitters. The response of the specimen under various excitations by ultrasound transmitter array (UTA) was investigated. Various number of actuators and their configurations were considered. Moreover, various methods of wave focusing have been analysed. Next, the experimental verification of guided wave based damage detection system with proposed air-coupled excitation is presented. The wave sensing was non-contact as well. For this purpose the Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer (SLDV) was used. Full wavefield images and wave profiles for various excitation were prepared. The influence of ultrasound transmitter configuration and focusing method on the energy of induced wave was highlighted on RMS maps. Tests were carried out on the CFRP plate with dimension 500 x 500 x 1.5 mm. The delamination damage in a form of 15 x 15 mm Teflon tape insert was analysed. c 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: guided waves; air-coupled excitation; non-destructive testing; ultrasound transmitter © 2018 The Auth rs. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of he ECF22 organizers. ECF22 - Loading and Environmental e ff ects on Structural Integrity Non-contact excitation and focusing of guided waves in CFRP composite plate by air-coupled transducers for application in damage detection Michal Jurek a,b, ∗ , Maciej Radzienski a , Pawel Kudela a , Wieslaw Ostachowicz a a Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland b Rzeszow University of Technology, Poznanska 2, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland Abstract Guided waves have been utilized in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) for many years. The vast majority of applications are based on contact wave excitation by using a group of piezoelectric transducers attached to the surface of a structure. However, in some cases piezoelectric transducers cannot be used directly on the structure and non contact wave excitation methods are preferable. The paper presents the results of laboratory investigations utilizing air-coupled excitation with the use of ultrasound transmitters. The response of the specimen under various excitations by ultrasound transmitter array (UTA) was investigated. Various number of actuators and their configurations were considered. Moreover, various methods of wave focusing have been analysed. Next, the experimental verification of guided wave based damage detection system with proposed air-coupled excitation is presented. The wave sensing was non-contact as well. For this purpose the Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer (SLDV) was used. Full wavefield images and wave profiles for various excitation were prepared. The influence of ultrasound transmitter configuration and focusing method on the energy of induced wave was highlighted on RMS maps. Tests were carried out on the CFRP plate with dimension 500 x 500 x 1.5 mm. The delamination damage in a form of 15 x 15 mm Teflon tape insert was analysed. c 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevi r B.V. r-review und r responsibil ty of the ECF22 organizers. Keywords: guided waves; air-coupled excitation; non-destructive testing; ultrasound transmitter

© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

1. Introduction 1. Introduction

In issues related to structural integrity problems, risk and reliability assessment, apart from fracture mechanics, fatigue, materials science, Non-Destructive Testing methods play a significant role. One of the common and widely used NDT technique is guided waves method (Staszewski (2004), Giurgiutiu and Soutis (2010), Rose (2004)). The variety of damage detection algorithms which utilize guided waves method are known and applied with success. They In issues related to structural integrity problems, risk and reliability assessment, apart from fracture mechanics, fatigue, materials science, Non-Destructive Testing methods play a significant role. One of the common and widely used NDT technique is guided waves method (Staszewski (2004), Giurgiutiu and Soutis (2010), Rose (2004)). The variety of damage detection algorithms which utilize guided waves method are known and applied with success. They

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 48-17-865-16-22; fax: + 48-17-865-16-22. E-mail address: mjurek@imp.gda.pl 2210-7843 c 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 48-17-865-16-22; fax: + 48-17-865-16-22. E-mail address: mjurek@imp.gda.pl 2210-7843 c 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-revi w under responsibility of the ECF22 orga izers. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the ECF22 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.12.203