PSI - Issue 11

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ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 11 (2018) 177–184 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Peer-review under responsibility of the CINPAR 2018 organizers XIV International Conference on Building Pathology and Constructions Repair – CINPAR 2018 The masonry vaults of the cellars in the canal system of Livorno Massimiliano Lucchesi a , Barbara Pintucchi a, * , Nicola Zani a a DICEA, Via di Santa Marta 3, Florence 50139, Italy Abstract A fascinating, characteristic feature of the Tuscan port city of Livorno is the interconnected system of canals, landings, cellars and warehouses of the buildings in its Venezia Nuova (New Venice) quarter, a main part of the city’s historic center. Within this system, the cellars connected to the Monte Pio ports and the upper warehouses of the Palazzo Monte di Pietà stand out for their importance. This latter 18-century building contains masonry groin vaults on two levels. Each level has thirty spans, some of which have partially or totally collapsed. In view of a reuse project of the building complex, some numerical investigations aiming to check the building structures’ static state and stability have been performed in accordance with current Italian building codes. To this end, the finite element code Mady, which accounts for masonry material’s low tensile strength and limited ability to withstand compressive stress, has been used. Given the widespread presence of vaulted cellars in Livorno, this research can constitute a pilot study to provide highly generalizable information on the "cellar system" of this city and broaden our knowledge of the structural behavior of its compo ents. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Peer-revi w under responsibility of the CINPAR 2018 organizers Keywords: masonry vaults; numerical nalysis; nonlinear mechanical behaviour. 1. Introduction The Tuscan city of Livorno boasts an intricate system of canals and interconnected buildings that constitutes a unitary organism which still today is a characterizing feature of its urban landscape. Within this organism, the large cellars linked via canal to the ports of Monte Pio and the warehouses of the Palazzo Monte di Pietà are some of the most significant structures. The cellar of Palazzo Monte di Pietà is made up of masonry groin vaults on two levels, each of which has thirty spans. Some of the vaults in the lower level have partially or totally collapsed due to the bombardments of the last war. Some restoration operations were carried out in the post-war period, though they XIV International Conference on Building Pathology and Constructions Repair – CINPAR 2018 The masonry vaults of the cellars in the canal system of Livorno Massimiliano Lucchesi a , Barbara Pintucchi a, * , Nicola Zani a a DICEA, Via di Santa Marta 3, Florence 50139, Italy Abstract A fascinating, characteristic feature of the Tuscan port city of Livorno is the interconnected system of canals, landings, cellars and warehouses of the buildings in its Venezia Nuova (New Venice) quarter, a main part of the ci y’s historic center. Within thi system, t e cellars connected to the Monte Pio ports and the upper warehouses of the Palazzo Monte d Pietà stand out for the r importanc . This latter 18-century building c ntain masonry groin vaults on two l vels. Each lev l has thirty spans, s me of which have partially or totally collapsed. In view of a reuse pr ject of the building complex, some nume ical investigations aiming to check the building structure ’ static state and stability have been performed in accordance with current Italian buildi g codes. T t is end, the finite element code Mady, which ccounts for masonry mat rial’s low te sile strength and limited ability t withstand compressive s ress, has been used. Given the wides ad pres nce of vaulted cellars in Livorno, this research can constitute a pilot study to provide highly gen ralizable info mation on the "cellar syst m" of this city and b oaden our kn wledge of the str ctural behavior of its components. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserv d Peer- eview under re ponsibility of the CINPAR 2018 organizers Keywords: masonry vaults; numerical analysis; nonlinear mechanical behaviour. 1. Introduction The Tuscan city of Livorno boasts an intricate system of canals and interconnected buildings that constitutes a unitary organism which still t day is a characterizing f ature of its urban landscap . Within this organism, the large cell rs linked via canal to the ports of Monte Pi and the warehouses of the Pal zzo Monte di Pietà are some of th most ig ificant structures. The cellar of Palazz Monte di Pietà i made up of masonry groin vaults on two levels, each of whi h has thirty pans. Some of the vaults in the lower level have partially or totally collapsed due to the bombardments of the last war. restoration operations were carried out in the post-war period, tho gh they © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

1 Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-055-2756850; fax: +39-055 2758800 E-mail address: barbara.pintucchi@unifi.it 1 Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-055-2756850; fax: +39-055 2758800 E-mail address: barbara.pintucchi@unifi.it

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Peer-revi w u er responsibility of the CINPAR 2018 organizers. 2452-3216 Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Peer-review under responsibility of the CINP R 2018 organizers.

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