PSI - Issue 10

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structural Integrity 1 8 25–32 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000 vailable online at .sciencedirect.co i ir t Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an op n access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (h p://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Material . 1 st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials Strain monitoring system for steel and concrete structures E. Cheilakou a, *, N. Tsopelas a , A. Anastasopoulos a , D. Kourousis a , D. Rychkov b , R. Gerhard b , B. Frankenstein c , A. Amditis d , Y. Damigos d , C. Bouklas d a Mistras Group Hellas A.B.E.E, 7, El. Venizelou Str., 14452 Metamorphosi, Athens, Greece b Applied Condensed-Matter Physics Group (ACMP), Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam (UP), 14476 Potsdam OT Golm c Teletronic Rossendorf GmbH (TTronic), Radeberg, Bautzner Landstraße 45, 01454 Großerkmannsdorf, Germany d Institute of Communications and Computer Systems (ICCS),9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15773 Zografou, Athens, Greece Abstract The present work is part of a collaborative H2020 European funded research project called SENSKIN, that aims to improve Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) for transport infrastructure through the development of an innovative monitoring and manage ment system for bridges based on a novel, inexpensive, skin-like sensor. The integrated SENSKIN technology will be implemented in the case of steel and concrete bridges, and tested, field-evaluated and benchmarked on actual bridge environment against a conventional health monitoring solution developed by Mistras Group Hellas. The main objective of the present work is to implement the autonomous, fully functional strain monitoring system based on commercially available off-the-shelf components, that will be used to accomplish direct comparison between the performance of the innovative SENSKIN sensors and the conventional strain sensors commonly used for structural monitoring of bridges. For this purpose, the mini Structural Monitoring System (mini SMS) of Physical Acoustics Corporation, a comprehensive data acquisition unit designed specifically for long-term unattended operation in outdoor environments, was selected. For the completion of the conventional system, appropriate foil-type strain sensors were selected, driven by special conditioners manufactured by Mistras Group. A comprehensive description of the strain monitoring system and its peripheral components is provided in this paper. For the evaluation of the integrated system’s performance and the effect of various parameters on the long-term behavior of sensors, several test steel pieces instrumented with different strain sensors configurations were prepared and tested in both laboratory and field ambient conditions. Furthermore, loading tests were performed aiming to validate the response of the system in monitoring the strains developed in steel beam elements subject to bending regimes. Representative results obtained from the above experimental tests have been included in this paper as well. 2 he uthors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1 st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials 1 st I ter ati al fere ce f t e ree ciet f eri e tal ec a ics f aterials tr i it ri t f r t l nd concrete structures . eila a, , . s elas a , . astas l s a , . Kouro sis a , . c b , . er ar b , . ra e stei c , . Amditis d , . a i s d , . las d a istras Group Hellas A.B.E.E, 7, El. Venizelou Str., 14452 etamorphosi, Athens, Greece b Applied Condensed- atter Physics Group (ACMP), Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam (UP), 14476 Potsdam OT Golm c Teletronic Rossendorf GmbH (TTronic), Radeberg, Bautzner Landstraße 45, 01454 Großerkmannsdorf, Germany d Institute of Communications and Computer Systems (ICCS),9, Iroon Polytechniou Str., 15773 Zografou, Athens, Greece bstract The present work is part of a collaborative 2020 European funded research project called SE S I , that ai s to i prove Structural ealth onitoring (S ) for transport infrastructure through the develop ent of an innovative onitoring and anage ent syste for bridges based on a novel, inexpensive, skin-like sensor. The integrated SE S I technology ill be i ple ented in the case of steel and concrete bridges, and tested, field-evaluated and bench arked on actual bridge environ ent against a conventional health onitoring solution developed by istras roup ellas. The ain objective of the present ork is to i ple ent the autono ous, fully functional strain onitoring syste based on co ercially available off-the-shelf co ponents, that ill be used to acco plish direct co parison bet een the perfor ance of the innovative SE S I sensors and the conventional strain sensors co only used for structural onitoring of bridges. For this purpose, the ini Structural onitoring Syste ( ini S S) of Physical coustics orporation, a comprehensive data acquisition unit designed specifically for long-ter unattended operation in outdoor environments, as selected. For the co pletion of the conventional syste , appropriate foil-type strain sensors ere selected, driven by special conditioners manufactured by Mistras Group. A comprehensive description of the strain monitoring syste and its peripheral co ponents is provided in this paper. For the evaluation of the integrated syste ’s perfor ance and the effect of various parameters on the long-term behavior of sensors, several test steel pieces instru ented ith different strain sensors configurations ere prepared and tested in both laboratory and field a bient conditions. Further ore, loading tests ere performed aiming to validate the response of the system in monitoring the strains developed in steel beam elements subject to bending regi es. epresentative results obtained from the above experimental tests have been included in this paper as ell. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC- license (http://creativeco ons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1 st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of aterials © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Keywords: Structural health monitoring; strain sensors; strain gauges; bridges; steel and concrete structures Keywords: Structural health onitoring; strain sensors; strain gauges; bridges; steel and concrete structures

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +30 210 2846801; fax: +30 210 2846805. E-mail address: eleni.cheilakou@mistrasgroup.gr Received: April 30, 2018; Received in revised form: July 25, 2018; Accepted: August 03, 2018 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +30 210 2846801; fax: +30 210 2846805. E-mail address: eleni.cheilakou istrasgroup.gr Received: April 30, 2018; Received in revised form: July 25, 2018; Accepted: August 03, 2018

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.09.005 2452- 3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1 st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials 2452- 3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC B -NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific co ittee of the 1 st International Conference of the reek Society of Experi ental echanics of aterials * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt