PSI - Issue 10

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 1 (2018) 155–162 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under respon ibility of the scientific committee of the 1st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials. 1 st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials Evaluation of workability parameters in 3D printing concrete M. Papachristoforou, V. Mitsopoulos, M. Stefanidou* Laboratory of Building Materials, School of Civil Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece Abstract The aim of this paper was to examine workability of fresh concrete used as material for additive manufacturing. 3D concrete printing is an innovative construction method that promises to be highly advantageous in the construction field in terms of optimizing construction time, cost, design flexibility, error reduction, and environmental aspects. Quality of the final printed structure is significantly affected by the properties of fresh concrete which must possess adequate workability in order to be extruded through an extruder head (printability), maintain its shape once deposited and not collapse under the load of subsequent layers (buildability). In the present paper, workability of fresh concrete used as material for additive manufacturing was measured according o four different tests: flow table, ICAR rheometer, Vicat and an experimental applied in the laboratory by measuring the electric power consumption of the motor that rotates the screw extruder. By measuring a wide range of mixtures produced with d fferent aggr g tes (li esto e, river sand, combination of both) and bin ers (cem nt, fl ash, l dle furnace sla ), printing th m with a printing system with screw extruder and setting pr ntable criteria, the range of printab lity was obtained. Flow tabl test was more consistent in relation to the other methods used. Printability range was found betw en 18 and 24 cm (flow table valu s). Time after mixing for moving from t e upper limit to the lower was also measured and was highl depended on the type of aggregates and binders used. A maximum of 30 minutes was obtained without using any retarder additives. Electric power consumption was considered as a parameter of measuring real-time workability of the mixture, making it possible to modify it on time in real scale applications by adding chemical additives during printing. Regarding hardened concrete properties, density of concrete wa s measured, between 1.9 and 2.1 g/cm³, depending on the aggregate and binder. Compressive strength and U ltrasonic Pulse Velocity are significantly affected by the type and proportions of raw materials in the mixtures. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1 st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials ddit ing c i e i e y tions y addin es durin gnificantly affected by the type and proportions of raw materials in the mixtures. he Authors. ubl evier Ltd. This is an open access article under th C-ND lic © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Keywords: 3D printing, fresh concrete; workability; printability; buildability

* Corresponding author: Tel.: +30 2310 995 635 E-mail address : stefan@civil.auth.gr Received: May 04, 2018; Received in revised form: August 02, 2018; Accepted: August 08, 2018

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.09.023 2452- 3216 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 1 st International Conference of the Greek Society of Experimental Mechanics of Materials * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt