PSI - Issue 82

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ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 82 (2026) 37–43 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2026) 000–000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2026) 000–000

www.elsevier.com / locate / procedia www.elsevier.com / locate / procedia

© 2026 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSID organizers The results demonstrate a notch orientation dependence for the crack propagation behavior of PBF-LB / M / 316L, whereas for Printdur ® HSA, a nearly isotropic behavior with comparable crack growth rates in both orientations was observed. Similar conven tionally manufactured materials generally show lower crack growth rates. The findings suggest that Printdur ® HSA mitigates the orientation e ff ects typical of additively manufactured steels, underscoring its potential for reliable use in safety-critical structural applications. However, these are first tendencies and need to be confirmed by further tests. © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSID organizers. Keywords: Additve manufacturing; PBF-LB / M; Crack Propagation; Fracture Mechanics Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the production of geometrically optimized structural components with complex internal features. Among the available metal AM techniques, Powder Bed Fusion of Metals using a Laser Beam (PBF-LB / M) has proven particularly e ff ective for fabricating high-precision components from stainless steels. The most commonly used alloy, 316L, of fers excellent processability and corrosion resistance but is limited by its moderate mechanical strength. Printdur ® HSA, a fully austenitic, high-manganese (C + N) steel, represents a new high-strength, nickel-free material tailored for additive manufacturing. However, its fracture mechanics behavior, especially under cyclic loading, has not yet been systematically characterized. This study investigates the fatigue crack growth behavior of additively manufactured Printdur ® HSA in comparison with 316L and conventionally produced (C + N) steels. Fatigue crack propagation tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM E647, using compact-tension specimens produced in both vertical and horizontal build orientations. The e ff ects of build direction and alloy composition on crack growth rate and Paris law parameters were evaluated. The results demonstrate a notch orientation dependence for the crack propagation behavior of PBF-LB / M / 316L, whereas for Printdur ® HSA, a nearly isotropic behavior with comparable crack growth rates in both orientations was observed. Similar conven tionally manufactured materials generally show lower crack growth rates. The findings suggest that Printdur ® HSA mitigates the orientation e ff ects typical of additively manufactured steels, underscoring its potential for reliable use in safety-critical structural applications. However, these are first tendencies and need to be confirmed by further tests. © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSID organizers. Keywords: Additve manufacturing; PBF-LB / M; Crack Propagation; Fracture Mechanics 8th International Conference on Structural Integrity and Durability (ICSID2025) Crack Propagation Behavior of Additively Manufactured 316L and (C + N) Austenitic Stainless Steel Printdur HSA Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion J. Blankenhagen a, ∗ , A. Freiberger a , A. Sauter a , J. Diller a , D. Siebert a , C. Radlbeck a, ∗ ,M. Mensinger a a Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Chair of Metal Structures, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich,Germany Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the production of geometrically optimized structural components with complex internal features. Among the available metal AM techniques, Powder Bed Fusion of Metals using a Laser Beam (PBF-LB / M) has proven particularly e ff ective for fabricating high-precision components from stainless steels. The most commonly used alloy, 316L, of fers excellent processability and corrosion resistance but is limited by its moderate mechanical strength. Printdur ® HSA, a fully austenitic, high-manganese (C + N) steel, represents a new high-strength, nickel-free material tailored for additive manufacturing. However, its fracture mechanics behavior, especially under cyclic loading, has not yet been systematically characterized. This study investigates the fatigue crack growth behavior of additively manufactured Printdur ® HSA in comparison with 316L and conventionally produced (C + N) steels. Fatigue crack propagation tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM E647, using compact-tension specimens produced in both vertical and horizontal build orientations. The e ff ects of build direction and alloy composition on crack growth rate and Paris law parameters were evaluated. 8th International Conference on Structural Integrity and Durability (ICSID2025) Crack Propagation Behavior of Additively Manufactured 316L and (C + N) Austenitic Stainless Steel Printdur HSA Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion J. Blankenhagen a, ∗ , A. Freiberger a , A. Sauter a , J. Diller a , D. Siebert a , C. Radlbeck a, ∗ ,M. Mensinger a a Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Chair of Metal Structures, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich,Germany

∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 49 (0) 89 289 22529. E-mail address: C.Radlbeck@tum.de; Jakob.Blankenhagen@tum.de ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 49 (0) 89 289 22529. E-mail address: C.Radlbeck@tum.de; Jakob.Blankenhagen@tum.de

2452-3216 © 2026 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSID organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.04.007 2210-7843 © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSID organizers. 2210-7843 © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of ICSID organizers.