PSI - Issue 82

A.T. Andreasen et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 82 (2026) 146–152 A.T. Andreasen et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2026) 000–000

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Conclusions In this paper, a framework for determining the loading occurring on an agricultural mower lifting arm based on measured strains has been developed. The framework utilizes a digital twin, from which the strain-load relationship is extracted. Using the strain-load relationship in combination with the measured strains from 10 different tests with the mower in various operating modes, the expected loading was determined using the linear least squares method. By comparing the predicted strains based on the estimated loading to the measured strains, it could be observed that the framework accurately predicted the loading occurring on the structure. The actual strain-time signals were observed to be very similar for the predicted and measured strains and the root mean square errors varied between 2.71 and 8.63, indicating very good performance. 6. Acknowledgements This work has been supported by Kverneland Group Kerteminde, and we would like to thank the lab technicians Peder Jørgensen and Hans Henrik Olsen for their help with performing and setting up the testing conducted in this paper. References Carpinteri, A., Boaretto, J., Fortese, G., Giordani, F., Iturrioz, I., Ronchei, C., Vantadori, S., 2017. Fatigue life estimation of fillet-welded tubular T-joints subjected to multiaxial loading. International Journal of Fatigue 101, 263-270. Gurney, T.R., 1979. Fatigue of Welded Structures, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Hobbacher, A.F., Baumgartner, J., 2016. Recommendations for Fatigue Design of Welded Joints and Components. Springer International Publishing, Cham. Larsen, M.L., Gensmann, J.D., Holm, A.P.K., Arora, V., 2024. Finite element validation and non-proportionality quantification of lifting arm for agricultural mower based on experimental results. Procedia Structural Integrity 58, 73–79. Paraforos, D.S., Griepentrog, H.W., Vougioukas, S.G., 2016. Country road and field surface profiles acquisition, modelling and synthetic realisation for evaluating fatigue life of agricultural machinery. Journal of Terramechanics 63, 1-12. Wen, C., Xie, B., Li, Z., Yin, Y., Zhao, X., Song, Z., 2020. Power density based fatigue load spectrum editing for accelerated durability testing for tractor front axles. Biosystems Engineering 200, 73-88.