PSI - Issue 62

ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Procedia Structural Integrity 62 (2024) 593–600

II Fabre Conference – Existing bridges, viaducts and tunnels: research, innovation and applications (FABRE24) Sills and macro-roughness elements as countermeasures for bridge scour Michele Palermo a , Stefano Pagliara a, * a DESTEC - Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering, University of Pisa, Via Gabba 22, Pisa, 56122, Italy Abstract Bridge are key infrastructures deserving attention because of their strategic role. In particular, bridges whose piers and foundations are located in water bodies are subjected to complex, localized erosion processes which may lead to undesired consequences, such as the failure of the structure. Therefore, in the last decades many researchers have analyzed the phenomenon, developing and implementing countermeasures that can mitigate the risk of a collapse. Among others, structural countermeasures like riprap, collars, and sacrificial piles have shown to be effective in reducing the maximum scour depth, under certain hydraulic conditions and geometric configurations. However, there are still some countermeasures that require further investigations. Namely, only recently, the effectiveness of transversal structures like sills and gabions have been tested. However, there are still many aspects that remain unclear, like the kinetics of the scour evolution depending on locations of the sills. In addition, macro-roughness elements may be also adopted downstream of bridge piers to protect the channel bed. This paper aims at comparing the effectiveness in controlling scour process of the last two countermeasures and provides interesting insights on the physics of the phenomenon that may be useful for practitioners. Future lines of research are also discussed. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Members Keywords: bridge pier; countermeasures; hydraulics; scour. II Fabre Conference – Existing bridges, viaducts and tunnels: research, innovation and applications (FABRE24) Sills and macro-roughness elements as countermeasures for bridge scour Michele Palermo a , Stefano Pagliara a, * a DESTEC - Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering, University of Pisa, Via Gabba 22, Pisa, 56122, Italy Abstract Bridge are key infrastructures deserving attention because of their strategic role. In particular, bridges whose piers and foundations are located in water bodies are subjected to complex, localized erosion processes which may lead to undesired consequences, such as the failure of the structure. Therefore, in the last decades many researchers have analyzed the phenomenon, developing and implementing countermeasures that can mitigate the risk of a collapse. Among others, structural countermeasures like riprap, collars, and sacrificial piles have shown to be effective in reducing the maximum scour depth, under certain hydraulic conditions and geometric configurations. However, there are still some countermeasures that require further investigations. Namely, only recently, the effectiveness of transversal structures like sills and gabions have been tested. However, there are still many aspects that remain unclear, like the kinetics of the scour evolution depending on locations of the sills. In addition, macro-roughness elements may be also adopted downstream of bridge piers to protect the channel bed. This paper aims at comparing the effectiveness in controlling scour process of the last two countermeasures and provides interesting insights on the physics of the phenomenon that may be useful for practitioners. Future lines of research are also discussed. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Members Keywords: bridge pier; countermeasures; hydraulics; scour. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Members

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-050-2217717. E-mail address: stefano.pagliara@unipi.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-050-2217717. E-mail address: stefano.pagliara@unipi.it

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4. 0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Member s 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4. 0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Member s

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Board Members 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.09.083