PSI - Issue 39

2

Author name / StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000–000

Nabam Teyi et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 39 (2022) 608–623

609

1. Introduction An open crack on a structural member’s surface looks like a slit cut and might occur owing to improper material manufacture or sometime during the component’s operation period. Even when the component is freshly made, it is hard to see these microcracks since they are so small. Such cracks if not diagnosed properly at proper times, affect the health of the structure, which in turn will prove to be detrimental to the machineries in which these components are functioning, which eventually will lead to loss of production and possible accidents injuring the mankind, damaging the overall economy. Two very fundamental functional components of any machine are shaft rotor system and beam. A rotor is a rotating shaft supported by bearings, over which a disc is mounted concentrically as a single unit. A rotor is just a disk attached shaft turning. Every machinery that we know, from simple mixer grinder, ceiling fans to large machineries like rotor-bladed helicopters, wind turbines, vehicles, and marine engines are nothing more than a series of motion transfer mechanisms, each with a rotating shaft as an indispensable entity. While a beam is just a structural element that resists lateral loads with the sole purpose to provide rigidity and support to other links of the machines of which it is part of. It is although possible to dismantle relatively less costly and simple appliances like mixer grinder, washing machine, ceiling fans for fault detection, as both the appliances and the fault detection course costing would be affordable; it is impossible to disassemble parts of large and expensive machineries like turbines, marine engines, aircrafts etc for defect analysis as it would cost millions.

Nomenclature AI

Artificial intelligence

ANFIS ANN

Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system

Artificial neural network

CEA CNN CWT

Continuous evolutionary algorithm Convolutional neural network Continuous wavelet transform Discrete wavelet transform Evolutionary algorithms Finite element analysis Finite element method Fast Fourier transform Fiber reinforced concrete Frequency response function Membership function Machine learning Multi resolution analysis Non destructive test Principal component analysis Particle swarm optimization Radial basis function Structural health monitoring Support vector machine Genetic algorithm k nearest neighbour Decision tree

DT

DWT

EA

FEA FEM FFT FRC FRF

GA

KNN

MANFIS

Multiple adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system

MF ML

MRA NDT PCA PSO RBF SHM SVM

WT

Wavelet transform