PSI- Issue 9

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedirect.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 9 (2018) 265–271 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect StructuralIntegrity Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. © 2018 Th Authors. Published by Elsevi r B.V. Peer-review und responsibility of the Gruppo Italiano Frattura (IGF) ExCo. IGF Workshop “Fracture and Structural Integrity” Bending damages in galvanized ductile cast irons V. Di Cocco a *, F. Iacoviello a , F. Carlino a , S.Natali b a DICeM – University of Cassino and Southern Lazio,Via G. Di Biasio 43 – 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy b University of Rome “La Sapienza”,Via Eudossiana 18 – 00184, Rome, Italy Abstract Ductile cast irons (DCIs) are characterized by mechanical properties close to low and medium carbon steels. Carbon atoms are mainly localized in graphite nodules, which are dispersed in a metallic matrix. The microstructure of metallic matrix can be ferritic, austenitic, pearlitic, martensitic or their mix, depending on chemical composition and heat treatment. Thanks to the high castability and low production costs, DCIs are used many fields (e.g., automotive and pipes). The wide utilization of DCIs in many fields and critical application leads to particular attention to the corrosion phenomenon. Hot dip galvanizing is one of most important protection process, used to protect metallic materials (mainly steels) against corrosion in many aggressive environments. In this work, a ferritic-pearlitic DCI (GS500) was galvanized by using a pure Zn bath at 440°C to generate a zinc coating. Bending tests on galvanized specimen were performed to generate crack damage in the coating phases. The bending cracks path propagation in zinc coatings were observed using both a light optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. A damage parameter, defined as a number of radial crack for a millimeter of the deformed arc, was evaluated for each zinc coating intermetallic phases. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Gruppo Italiano Frattura (IGF) ExCo. Keywords: Hot Dip Galvanizing; Ductile Cast Iron; Damage; Bending. 1. Introduction Low production costs, good prot ction and good adhesion to substrate lead to success the zinc-based coatings in many fields. For these reasons, hot dip galvanizing (HDG) is the most important technique to protect a wide class of iron-base alloys against corrosion in many aggressive environments (Vitkova et al. (1996), Katiforis and IGF Workshop “Fracture and Structural Integrity” Bending damages in galvanized ductile cast irons V. Di Cocco a *, F. Iacoviello a , F. Carlino a , S.Natali b a DICeM – University of Cassino and outhern Lazio,Via G. Di Biasio 43 – 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy b University of Rome “La Sapienza”,Via Eudossiana 18 – 00184, Rome, Italy Abstract Ductile cast irons (DCIs) are characterized by mechanical properties close to low and medium carbon steels. Carbon atoms are mainly localized in graphite nodules, which are dispersed in a metallic matrix. The microstructure of metallic matrix can be ferritic, ustenitic, pearlitic, martensitic or their mix, depending on chemical composition and heat treatment. Tha ks to the high castability low production costs, DCIs are used in many fields ( .g., automotive and pipes). The wide utilization of DCIs in many fields and critical application leads to particular attention to the corrosion phe omenon. Hot dip galvanizing is one f ost important protection process, used to protect metallic materials (mainly steels) against corrosion in many ag ressiv environments. In thi work, a ferritic-pearlitic DCI (GS500) was galvanized by usin a pure Zn bath at 440°C to ge erate a zinc coating. Bending tests on galvanized specim n were performed to generate crack damag in the oati phases. The bending cracks path prop gation in zinc coati gs w re observe using both a li ht optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. A dam ge parameter, defined as a number of radial crack for a millimeter of the deformed arc, was evaluated for each zinc coating intermetallic phases. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Gruppo Italiano Frattura (IGF) ExCo. Keywords: Hot Dip Galvanizing; Ductile Cast Iron; Damage; Bending. 1. Introduction Low prod ction costs, good prot ctio and good adhesion to substrate lead to success the zinc-based coatings in many fields. For these reasons, hot dip galva izin (HDG) is the most important technique to protect a wide class of iron-base alloys against corrosion in many aggressive environments (Vitkova et al. (1996), Katiforis and © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Gruppo Italiano Frattura (IGF) ExCo. 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.06.036 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452 3216© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Gruppo Italiano Frattura (IGF) ExCo. 2452-3216© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Gruppo Italiano Frattura (IGF) ExCo. * Correspon ing author. Tel.: +39.0776.2994334; fax: +39.0776.2993733 E-mail address: v.dicocco@unicas.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39.0776.2994334; fax: +39.0776.2993733 E-mail address: v.dicocco@unicas.it