PSI - Issue 84

Mirza Adeel Zeb et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 84 (2026) 256–263

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highest cumulative deformation corresponds to the most severe structural damage and subsequent reconstruction. Similar deformation behavior observed among neighboring bridges further indicates that subsidence affects infrastructure clusters rather than isolated assets. Overall, the combined EGMS–GIS framework shows strong potential as an operational tool for large-scale infrastructure management. By enabling early identification of exposed assets, quantification of cumulative ground deformation, and validation through independent visual inspections, the proposed approach supports proactive, risk-informed decision-making. Although this study represents a preliminary investigation, the methodology is scalable, cost-effective, and transferable to other subsidence-prone regions, contributing to the long-term resilience of transportation networks. 1. Acknowledgements This study was supported by FABRE – “Research consortium for the evaluation and monitoring of bridges, viaducts and other structures” (www.consorziofabre.it/en). Any opinion expressed in the paper does not necessarily reflect the view of the funder. References De Luca, C., Cuccu, R., Elefante, S., Zinno, I., Manunta, M., Casu, F., Lanari, R., 2022. The European Ground Motion Service (EGMS): A new InSAR-based service for monitoring ground deformation at European scale. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2022). Ferretti, A., Prati, C., Rocca, F., 2001. Permanent scatterers in SAR interferometry. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 39(1), 8–20. Fuhrmann, T., Garthwaite, M.C., 2019. Resolving three-dimensional surface motion with InSAR: Constraints from multi-geometry data fusion. Remote Sensing 11(3), 241. Galloway, D.L., Burbey, T.J., 2011. Regional land subsidence accompanying groundwater extraction: A review. Hydrogeology Journal 19(8), 1459– 1486. Giannico, C., Ferlisi, S., Gulla, G., Marchese, A., Peduto, D., 2022. Effects of ground settlements on masonry buildings: A review of field measurements and empirical approaches. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 20(5), 2663–2708. Milillo, P., Giardina, G., DeJong, M.J., Perissin, D., Milillo, G., 2018. Multi-temporal InSAR structural damage assessment: The London Crossrail case study. Remote Sensing 10(2), 287. Peduto, D., Ferlisi, S., Nicodemo, G., Reale, D., Pisciotta, G., Gulla, G., 2017. Empirical fragility and vulnerability curves for buildings exposed to slow-moving landslides at medium and large scales. Landslides 14(6), 1993–2007. Pianese, D., Di Martire, D., Calcaterra, D., de Riso, R., 2021. Land subsidence in the Campania Plain (Southern Italy): The case of the Volturno River coastal plain. Water 13(2), 274. Qin, X., Perissin, D., 2015. Monitoring ground subsidence in Hong Kong via spaceborne radar: Experiments and validation. Remote Sensing 7(8), 10715–10736. Talledo, D.A., Miano, A., Bonano, M., Di Carlo, F., Lanari, R., Manunta, M., Meda, A., Mele, A., Prota, A., Saetta, A., Stella, A., 2022. Satellite radar interferometry: Potential and limitations for structural assessment and monitoring. Journal of Building Engineering 46, 103756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103756 Vilardo, G., Ventura, G., Terranova, C., Matano, F., Nardo, S., 2009. Ground deformation due to tectonic, hydrothermal, gravity, hydrogeological, and anthropic processes in the Campania Region (Southern Italy) from permanent scatterers SAR interferometry. Remote Sensing of Environment 113(1), 197–212. Zizi, M., Bencivenga, P., De Matteis, G., 2022. Provisional measures for guaranteeing the functionality of existing bridges: The Agnena Bridge in Caserta Province. In: Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures. pp. 535– 542. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91877-4_61. Zizi, M., Bencivenga, P., De Matteis, G., 2023. Handling policies for Italian existing bridges with a territorial approach: The case study of Caserta, Italy. Structures 48, 1306–1321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.12.011. Allocca, V., Celico, F., Celico, P., De Vita, P., Fabbrocino, S., Mattia, C., Summa, G., 2007. Hydrogeology of the Volturno River basin (Campania, southern Italy). Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment 1, 39–58. Bencivenga, P., Zizi, M., De Matteis, G., 2021. Masonry arch bridges: Typical features and structural issues. In: Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures. pp. 543–551. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91877-4_62. Crosetto, M., Monserrat, O., Cuevas-González, M., Devanthéry, N., Crippa, B., 2016. Persistent scatterer interferometry: A review. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 115, 78–89. Das, B.M., 2022. Principles of foundation engineering, 10th ed. Cengage Learning.