PSI - Issue 84

Marco Bisti et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 84 (2026) 733–740

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reactive to predictive management: and the profound involvement of stakeholders and transparent communication, ensuring that safety management requires active and conscious participation from all parties.

Fig. 1. Ansfisa’s Road SMS structure.

The ultimate goal of the SGS-ISA is to guarantee a consistent and high level of safety across the national highway network by institutionalizing a culture of systematic risk management and organizational learning, an effort that must be sustained by a convinced leadership capable of recognizing safety as a strategic corporate value. 3. Gap Analysis in Safety Management Systems Gap analysis, or the systematic identification of deficiencies, is a fundamental diagnostic tool within the framework of Safety Management Systems (SMS). It is designed to systematically measure the difference, or 'gap,' between an organization's current safety performance and a desired state, typically defined by mandatory regulations, industry best practices, or specific organizational maturity models (W. Pramono et al., 2018). The implementation of gap analysis offers several strategic and operational advantages. Firstly, it systematically verifies compliance with current regulations, ensuring alignment with required standards and contributing to more effective safety management. Secondly, its preventive nature allows for the timely identification of critical issues and procedural shortcomings, enabling immediate interventions that prevent accidents. Furthermore, this systemic approach fosters constant adaptation to regulatory and technological changes, thereby enhancing the organization's resilience and readiness to face future challenges. A structured gap analysis raises awareness and staff engagement, fostering a more collaborative and safer work environment. Its main output is a prioritized list of non-conformities and criticalities, forming the basis for a structured improvement plan. This process enables the organization to shift from a reactive to aproactive and resilient safety governance model. Gap analysis also plays a transformative role in change management, driving change both bottom-up (from operational issues) and top-down (from strategic, preventive decisions), acting as a bridge between performance assessment and structural actions for system evolution.