PSI - Issue 8

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at www.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 8 (2018) 297–308 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. AIAS 2017 International Conference on Stress Analysis, AIAS 2017, 6-9 September 2017, Pisa, Italy On the use of Virtual Reality for a human-centered workplace design F. Caputo, A. Greco*, E. D’Amato, I. Notaro a , S.Spada b a Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Roma 29, 81031Aversa (CE), Italy b FCA Italy – EMEA Manufacturing Planning & C ntrol – Ergonomics, Gate 16, Corso Settembrini 53, 10135 Torino – Italy In the Industry 4.0 and digital revolution era, the world of manufacturing industry is experiencing an innovative reconfiguration of design tools and methodologies, with a different approach to the production processes organization. The design philosophy is changing, integrating to engineering contribution interpretative aspects (design thinking), executive practices (design doing) and cognitive aspects (design cultures). The design becomes human – centered. The new Virtual Reality technologies allow to validate performances of designed products and production processes by means of virtual prototypes in a virtual simulated environment. This approach generates several benefits to the companies, in terms of costs and time, and allows optimizing the assembly line design and related workplaces , by improving workers’ benefits too. This paper proposes an innovative method to validate the design of workplaces on automotive assembly lines in a virtual environment, based on ergonomic approach, according to ERGO – Uas system, applied by FCA (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles) groups, that integrates UAS method for measurement and EAWS method for biomechanical effort evaluation. Creating 3D virtual scenarios allows to carry on assembly tasks by virtual manikins in order to be evaluated from different points of view. In particular, data coming from the simulation can be used to assess several ergonomic indexes, improving safety, quality and design. The analysis is supported by the use of a motion capture system, developed by the University of Campania and composed of wearable inertial sensors, that estimates the attitude of fundamental human segments, using sensor fusion algorithms based on Kalman filtering. In this way, it is possible to make a further design validation, assessing the EAWS index basing on posture angles trends evaluated. This method can represent an innovation for human-centered design of workplace in developing new products, reducing costs and improving job quality. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2017 International Conference on Stress Analysis. Keywords: Virtual reality, simulation, product feasibility, design, ergonomics, motion capture, manufacturing. AIAS 2017 International Conference on Stress Analysis, AIAS 2017, 6-9 September 2017, Pisa, Italy On the use of Virtual Reality for a human-centered w rkplace design F. Caputo, A. Greco*, E. D’Amato, I. Notaro a , S.Spada b a Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Roma 29, 81031Aversa (CE), Italy b FCA Italy – EMEA Manufacturing Planning & Control – Ergonomics, Gate 16, Corso Settembrini 53, 10135 Torino – Italy Abstract In the I dustry 4.0 and digital r volution era, the world of manufacturing ndustry i xperie cing an innovative reconfiguration of design tools and methodologies, with a different approach to the prod ction processes organization. The design philos phy is changing, integrating to engineering contribution interpretative aspects (design thinking), executive practices (design doing) and c gnitive aspects (design cultures). Th design becomes h man – centered. The new Virtual R ality technologies allow t validate performan es of designed p oducts a d produ tion processes by means f virtual prototypes in a virtual simulated environm nt. This appro ch generates several benefits to the compa ies, in terms of costs and time, and all ws optimizing the ass bly line design and related workplaces , by improving workers’ benefits too. This pap r proposes an innovative method to validate the design of workplaces on automotive assembly lines in a virtual environment, based on ergonomic approach, according to ERGO – Uas system, applied by FCA (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles) groups, that integrates UAS method for measurement and EAWS method for biomechanical effort l tion. Creating 3D vi ual scenarios allows to carry on assembly tasks by virtual manikin in orde t be evaluated from different points of view. In particular, data coming from the simulation can be used to assess several ergonomic indexes, improving safety, quality nd de ign. The nalysis is supported by the use of a motion capture system, developed by the University of Campania and composed of wearable in tial sensor , that estimate th attitude of ndamental human segments, using sensor fus on algorithms based on Kalman filtering. In this way, it is possible to make a further design validation, assessing the EAWS index basing on posture angles trends evaluated. This ethod can represent an innovation for human-centered design of workplace in developing new products, reducing costs and improving job quality. © 2017 The Authors. Publ shed by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2017 International Conference on Stress Analysis. Keywords: Virtual reality, simulation, product feasibility, design, ergonomics, motion capture, manufacturing. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2017 International Conference on Stress Analysis 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2017 International Conference on Stress Analysis. 2452 3216 © 2017 Th Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2017 International Conference on Stress Analysis. Abstract

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216 Copyright  2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of AIAS 2017 International Conference on Stress Analysis 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.12.031