PSI - Issue 72

Victor Rizov / Procedia Structural Integrity 72 (2025) 120–127

122

Fig. 1. Frame with three types of supporting conditions.

The stress, σ i , is

(4)

i i E    ,

where E is the modulus of elasticity. The strain, i  , is estimated by Eq. (5).   ni i i z z   1   .

(5)