PSI - Issue 70

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ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 627–634

Keywords: Geopolymer; Bottom ash coarse aggregate (BACA);Alkaline solution; conventional coarse aggregate (CCA); 1. Introduction Concrete, an essential material in the building, is a composite of cement, aggregates, and water. Its widespread use stems from its strength, durability, versatility, and adaptability to various construction applications by Makul (2020). Concrete forms the foundation of global infrastructure and industrial advancement, representing the most extensively used man-made material. With annual production surpassing 100 billion tonnes, its demand continues to rise, fueled by growing needs for housing and energy infrastructure. However, this increased reliance on concrete Abstract The primary aim of this work is to explore the complete replacement of conventional coarse aggregate (CCA) with bottom ash coarse aggregate (BACA) in concrete. The study explores the influence of different molarity (M) levels of alkaline solutions, ranging from 8M to 16M in 2M intervals, as well as different liquid/binder proportions of 0.3, 0.35, and 0.4. An optimum mix design was identified with an 8M and liquid-to-binder (L/B) ratio 0.4, optimized for economic efficiency. These aggregates were fully integrated into control concrete (CC) mixtures, and the results were benchmarked against CCA in concrete. Specifically, the study utilized M20 and M25 concrete grades, maintaining w/b proportions of 0.5 and 0.44. The bulk density of BACA varied between 1027 kg/m³ and 1039 kg/m³, which shows a reduction of 33.04% compared to the 1551 kg/m³ of CCA. This study highlights the feasibility of BACA as an effective and sustainable alternative to CCA in concrete applications. © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under the responsibility of International Conference on Structural Integrity Organizers Structural Integrity and Interactions of Materials in Civil Engineering Structures (SIIMCES-2025) Assessing the Strength, Characteristics of Geopolymer Aggregate using Bottom Ash Muhibur Rahman S. a , SedhuRajan C. a , Angu Senthil K. a, * , Arulmozhi S. b , Mageshkumar P. a a Department of Civil Engineering, K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637215, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India b Department of Civil Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi - 638 057, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India

*Corresponding author. Tel.: +91 9942363990 E-mail address: angusenthil@ksrct.ac.in

2452-3216 © 2025 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under the responsibility of International Conference on Structural Integrity Organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.099