PSI - Issue 70

K. Navin Balaji et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 295–302

302

development while enhancing workability. The incorporation of CSA (20%) enabled the production of lightweight concrete which met all necessary mechanical and durability requirements. Studies have shown that a combination of RHA (15%), LSP (15%), and CSA (20%) successfully improved SCC properties and established these components as sustainable high-performance concrete alternative to traditional concrete. Acknowledgement The authors wish to acknowledge Department of Civil Engineering, K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology, Tirichengode,India for the facility and support extended for the research work. References Abdullahi, M., Abdulkadir, M.R., Ayuba, A., 2019. Performance evaluation of coconut shell as partial replacement of coarse aggregate in concrete. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 10(5), 1248 – 1253. Adewuyi, A.P., & Raheem, A.A., 2018. Comparative study of concrete properties using coconut shell and gravel as coarse aggregates. Journal Of Building Engineering , 19 , 266 – 272. Ahmed, I., & Ahmed, M., 2014. Investigation on coconut shell aggregate in concrete. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research , 5 (3), 39 – 45. Akinyemi, B.A., Oluwatobi, A.O., 2020. Evaluation of coconut shell as coarse aggregate in concrete. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology 11(6), 404 – 412. Alengaram, U.J., Jumaat, M.Z., & Mahmud, H.B., 2012. Utilization of coconut shell as coarse aggregate in concrete: A review. Construction and Building Materials , 36 , 290 – 302. Ashish, D.K., & Verma, S.K., 2019. An overview on mixture design of self-compacting concrete. Structural Concrete , 20 (1), 371 – 395. Bonavetti, V., Donza, H., Menéndez, G., Cabrera, O., & Irassar, E.F., 2003. Limestone filler – cement in low w/c concrete: A rational use of energy. Cement and Concrete Research , 33 (6), 865 – 871. Courard, L., Michel, F., Pierard, J., 2011. Influence of clay in limestone fillers for self-compacting cement-based composites. Construction and Building Materials 25(3), 1356 – 1361. Dahal, D., Banstola, R., Baral, N., & Basnet, K., 2020. Evaluation of rice husk ash as a partial replacement of cement in self-compacting concrete using mix design. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) , 9 (7). EFNARC, 2005. Specification and Guidelines for Self-Compacting Concrete. European Federation of National Associations Representing for Concrete. Ganesan, K., Rajagopal, K., & Thangavel, K., 2008. Rice husk ash blended cement: Assessment of optimal level of replacement for strength and permeability properties of concrete. Construction and Building Materials , 22 (8), 1675 – 1683. Gunasekaran, K., Kumar, P.S., & Lakshmipathy, M., 2011. Mechanical and bond properties of coconut shell concrete. Construction and Building Materials , 25 (1), 92 – 98. Habeeb, G.A., & Mahmud, H.B., 2010. Study on properties of rice husk ash and its use as cement replacement material. Materials Research , 13 (2), 185 – 190. Islam, M.S., Islam, M.A., Islam, A.K.M.S., Alam, M.S., 2016. Effect of coconut shell as coarse aggregate on properties of concrete. International Journal of Engineering and Technology 8(3), 1443 – 1450. Jayasree, M.G., Lekshmi, R.R., 2019. An experimental study on properties of coconut shell as coarse aggregate in concrete. Materials Today: Proceedings 18(4), 1823 – 1830. Khan, M.N.N., Jamil, M., Karim, M., Zain, M.F.M., Kaish, A.B.M., 2015. Utilization of rice husk ash for sustainable construction: A review. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 9, 1119 – 1127. Madurwar, M.V., Ralegaonkar, R.V., Mandavgane, S.A., 2013. Coconut shell and waste plastic composite material as partial replacement of coarse aggregate in concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production 59, 224 – 231. Msinjili, N.S., Schmidt, W., Rogge, A., Kühne, H.C., 2018. Rice husk ash as a sustainable supplementary cementitious material for improved concrete properties. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 11(4), 417 – 425. Murthy, K.N., 2012. Mix design procedure for self-compacting concrete. IOSR Journal of Engineering , 2 (9), 33 – 41. Okamura, H., & Ouchi, M., 2003. Self-compacting concrete. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology , 1 (1), 5 – 15. Olanipekun, E.A., Olusola, K.O., & Ata, O., 2006. A comparative study of concrete properties using coconut shell and palm kernel shell as coarse aggregates. Building and Environment , 41 (3), 297 – 301. Sandhu, R.K., Siddique, R., 2021. Properties of sustainable self-compacting concrete made with rice husk ash. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering 26(13), 6670 – 6694. Sobuz, M.H.R., Saha, A., Anamika, J.F., Houda, M., Azab, M., Akid, A.S.M., & Rana, M.J., 2022. Development of self-compacting concrete incorporating rice husk ash with waste galvanized copper wire fiber. Buildings , 12 , 1024. Taha, B., Al-Mansob, R.A., & Alengaram, U.J., 2017. Effect of particle size of coconut shell on concrete properties. Journal of Building Engineering , 9 , 27 – 34. Tran, V.A., Nguyen, H.A., Bui, L.T., et al., 2024. Synergistic effects of limestone powder and unground rice husk ash additions on performances of slag-cement based self-compacting concrete. Materials and Structures , 57 , 79. Wang, D., Shi, C., Farzadnia, N., Shi, Z., Jia, H., 2018. A review on effects of limestone powder on the properties of concrete. Construction and Building Materials 192, 153 – 166. Wagh, M., Waghe, U.P., 2022. Development of self-compacting concrete blended with sugarcane bagasse ash. Materials Today: Proceedings 60 (Part 3), 1787 – 1792