PSI - Issue 70

R. Ashwathi et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 698–705

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2. Methodology Ordinary Portland Cement of 53 grade is adopted, with M-sand and 12mm of nominal size coarse aggregate in accordance with IS 4031, IS 2386 and IS 10262. Marble powder is replaced with cement at varying percentages of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30. The marble powder is collected from the nearby cutting and polishing industry and sieved through 90-micron sieve. The specific gravity of marble powder and cement was obtained to be 2.26 and 3.12. The major composition of marble powder was found to be CaO, SiO 2 and MgO as 41.6, 7.3 and 6.2. The experimental work adopted is shown in the Fig. 2.

Fig.2.Methodological Framework

3. Fresh Properties of concrete The fresh properties of concrete are essential to be ensured to maintain the ease of workability throughout the work (Kenai et al., 2024; Ruiz-Sánchez et al., 2019). To assess the properties, the slump test, compaction factor test and vee bee consistometer test are performed as per IS 1199: 2018 (Afzal Basha et al., 2023) . 3.1. Slump test The workability and fluidity of the mix is assessed through slump cone test. The higher slump value indicates the increased workability (Dash Sanjaya Kumar; Rath, Ashoke Kumar, 2016). As the slump value gets decreased the workability also gets decreased (Atiyeh Ertug, 2020). The slump value of concrete with different mixes of marble powder is shown in the Fig. 3.a. The declining curve illustrates the decrease in the ease of working which is due to the increased water absorption of the material caused by its higher surface area. The slump value decreases progressively as the percentage of marble powder increases. It makes the concrete stiffer and causes poor fluidity due to the reduction in free water content. 3.2. Compaction Factor Test The ease of workability is evaluated by the degree of compaction (Hebhoub Mouloud; Djebien, R., 2014; Ruiz Sánchez et al., 2019). The greater the compaction factor, the greater is the degree of workability (Kirgiz, 2016). The compaction factor of concrete with different mixes of marble powder is shown in the Fig. 3.b.