PSI - Issue 70

Siddesh K N et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 231–238

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experimental results validates the accuracy of the numerical model. Minor deviations can be attributed to assumptions in material properties, boundary conditions, and mesh size in the FEA model. 4. Conclusion The findings highlight the potential of aluminum dross as a sustainable and effective supplementary material in concrete, offering both structural and environmental benefits. Further research and field applications are encouraged to validate these findings and explore additional uses of aluminum dross in construction. • Aluminum dross can be effectively used as a partial replacement for cement in concrete, with an optimum replacement level of 5% – 10% by weight of cement. • This range ensures improved or comparable compressive strength for 28 days while maintaining acceptable early strength. • Higher replacement levels (beyond 10%) are not recommended due to their detrimental effects on both early and long-term strength. • The inclusion of aluminum dross in reinforced concrete beams enhances their load-carrying capacity, stiffness, and ductility when the replacement level is within the optimal range of 1% to 3%. • Beams with 1% and 2% Al Dross replacement outperform the control beam in terms of maximum load and deflection resistance. • Beams with 3% replacement show comparable performance to the control beam. • Replacement levels of 4% and 5% lead to a significant reduction in load-carrying capacity, stiffness, and ductility, making them unsuitable for structural applications. • The FEA results confirm the experimental findings that 1% to 2% Al Dross replacement is the optimal range for enhancing the load-carrying capacity, stiffness, and ductility of reinforced concrete beams. • Higher replacement levels (4% and 5%) lead to a significant reduction in performance, as observed in both FEA and experimental results. Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my guide Dr. G V Sowjanya, Raveesh RM & Mrs. T S Sahana, HOD, Principal, teaching and non-teaching staff SSIT, Tumkur for their invaluable guidance and support throughout this project. Special thanks to Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology for the financial support. The project is displayed in 47 th series KSCST Annual state-level poster presentation and project Exhibition 2024. References Agor, C.D., Mbadike, E.M. & Alaneme, G.U. Evaluation of sisal fiber and aluminum waste concrete blend for sustainable construction using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. Sci Rep 13, 2814 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30008-0 Akbarimehr, D.; Eslami, A.; Nasiri, A.; Rahai, M.; Karakouzian, M. Performance Study of Sustainable Concrete Containing Recycled Aggregates from Non-Selected Construction and Demolition Waste. Sustainability 2024, 16, 2601. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072601 Bouglada, Mohammed Salah, Noui Ammar, and Belagraa Larbi. "Optimization of cellular concrete formulation with aluminum waste and mineral additions." Civil Engineering Journal 7.7 2021 1222-34. Demir, T., Demirel, B., & Öztürk, M. 2024. Valorisation of the Effect of Waste Aluminum Sawdust on Concrete: Durability Characteristics and Environmental Impacts. Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science, 7(1), 109-120. Elinwa, A. U., & Mbadike, E. 2011 The Use of Aluminum Waste for Concrete Production.Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 10(1), 217 – 220. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.10.217 Elinwa, A. U., & Mbadike, E. 2011. The Use of Aluminum Waste for Co-ncrete Production.Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 10(1), 217 – 220. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.10.217 Elseknidy, M.H.; Salmiaton, A.; Nor Shafizah, I.; Saad, A.H. A Study on Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Aluminum Dross, Fly Ash, and Quarry Dust. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9230. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219230 Figiela, Beata, and Kinga Korniejenko. "The possibility of using waste materials as raw materials for the production of geopolymers."Acta Innovations 36 2020: 48-56. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=972577 Giedrius Girskas, Gintautas Skripkiūnas, Genadijs Šahmenko, Aleksandrs Korjakins, Durability of concrete containing synthetic zeolite from aluminum fluoride production waste as a supplementary cementitious material, Construction and Building Materials, Volume 117, 2016, Pages 99-106, ISSN 0950-0618.