PSI - Issue 70

Maheshwar Bose et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 70 (2025) 137–144

144

• The use of steel bracings significantly reduces the maximum lateral displacements of the building. Eccentric bracing achieves a reduction of approximately 53%, V-bracing around 60%, and X-bracing the highest at 63%. • As anticipated, the implementation of bracing systems leads to a considerable decrease in inter-story drift (ISD), ensuring that the maximum ISD remains within the permissible limit of 0.4% as stipulated by the IS code. • Story stiffness is markedly improved with the addition of steel bracings. Eccentric bracing increases stiffness by 75%, V-bracing by 86%, and X-bracing by 93%. Time History Analysis further confirms an increase in stiffness, with a maximum enhancement of up to 95%. • Near fault earthquakes typically have larger Base shear values than far fault earthquakes at the same building height. The fluctuation in Base shear is more pronounced in closed fault earthquakes, indicating greater severity and impact on buildings. This analysis indicates that near fault earthquakes put stronger stress on the buildings, which should be taken into account when designing structures and implementing earthquake resistant systems. • For the ground motions in near fault earthquake, building exhibits less inter-storey drift as height increases. Whereas in far fault earthquakes, there is a general pattern of decreased drift as height increases. However, these values are often lower than those for near-fault earthquakes. Hence near field gives severe response as compared to far fault. Akbari, P., Miya, A., & Agrawal, P. 2022. Comparative Study on Seismic Performance of RC Frame with Different Types of Steel Bracing System. In Symposium in Earthquake Engineering (pp. 761-776). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE 7-10, minimum design loads fro buildings and other structures, 2010; p 658. Bohara, B. K., Ganaie, K. H., & Saha, P. 2021. Effect of position of steel bracing in L-shape reinforced concrete buildings under lateral loading. Res. Eng. Struct. Mater. , 7 (4), 431-446. Chavan, K. R., & Jadhav, H. S. 2014. Seismic response of RC building with different arrangement of steel bracing system. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications , 4 (7), 218-222. Chopra AK, Goel RK. A modal 2004. pushover analysis procedure to estimate seismic demands for unsymmetric‐plan buildings. Earthquake engineering & structural dynamics; 33(8): 903-927 Code IS 1893 (Part1), Criteria of earthquake resistant design of structures. Bureau of Indian Standards, 2016 New Delhi, Indi a. Habrah, A. K. 2017. Behavior of Steel Braced Frame Structures by using Pushover and Response Spectrum Analysis (Master of Science thesis, Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazimağusa, North Cyprus). Hemmati A, Kheyroddin A, Farzad M. 2020 . Experimental Study of Reinforced Concrete Frame Rehabilitated by Concentric and Eccentric Bracing. Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering; 8(1): 97 -108. IS 13920: 2016. Ductile design and detailing of reinforced concrete structures subjected seismic forces - code of practice 2016; New Delhi, India. IS 456:2000 Indian Standard Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice, New Delhi, Bureau of Indian Standard, 2000. Koçak A, Zengin B, Kadioğlu F ,.2015. Performance assessment of irregular RC buildings with shear walls after Earthquake. Engineering Failure Analysis; 55: 157- 168. Liu, L., Zhong, R., Yu, Y., & Li, R. 2023. Study on seismic performance of reinforced concrete stilted building with steel br aces in mountainous areas. In Structures (Vol. 55, pp. 2199- 2216). Elsevier Maheri, M. R., & Yazdani, S. 2016. Design of steel brace connection to an RC frame using Uniform Force Method. Journal of Constructional Steel Research , 116 , 131-140. Mevada, S., Bhatt, D., Kalthiya, A., Parmar, N., Baraiya, V., Bhanderi, D., & Patel, T. 2022. Effect of Irregularities on Sei smic Performance of Building Mohammad Z, Baqi A, Arif M. 2017. Seismic Response of RC Framed Buildings Resting on Hill Slopes. Procedia Engineering; 173:1792-1799. Özmen G, Girgin K, Durgun Y.2014 . Torsional irregularity in multi - story structures. International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering (IJASE); 6(4): 121 -131 Rahimi A, Maheri MR.2018. The effects of retrofitting RC frames by X - bracing on the seismic performance of columns. Engineering Structures,; 73:813-830. Sahoo, D. R., Patra, P., & Jain, A. K. 2023. Advances and Challenges in Design of Connections in Steel-Braced Frame Systems with In-Plane Buckling Braces. Applied Sciences , 13 (6), 3959. Sonawane, S., Bhapkar, R., Pansare, P., Yewale, S., & Madhekar, S. 2022. Dynamic Response Characteristics of RC Buildings wit h Irregularities. In Symposium in Earthquake Engineering (pp. 71- 84). 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