PSI - Issue 7

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 7 (2017) 283–29 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 ScienceDirect

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects, FDMD 2017, 19-22 September 2017, Lecco, Italy Damage Detection using Infrared Thermography in a Carbon-Flax Fiber Hybrid Composite Raghu V Prakash a *, Monalisha Maharana a a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai – 600036, India Abstract Hybrid polymer composites are used in many secondary load carrying structures and use of natural fibers for hybridization is one of the options. However, in view of the higher levels of mismatch in strength between synthetic fibers and natural fibers, the failur modes of hybrid natur l fiber composites are different. Advanced non-destructive test methods such as infra-red thermography are employed for damage detection. The present paper discusses the detection of damage in hybrid natural fiber composite laminates using active thermography method. Carbon and Flax fiber reinforcements are considered for this study. Specimens of hybrid composites prepared by hand lay-up technique were subjected to impact loading and post-impact fatigue loading to study damage progression through infra-red thermography. The laminates are tested for cooling response under transmission mode and reflection mode of thermal imaging for the test conditions of pristine specimen, impact damaged specimen, and fatigue cycled specimen after impact da age. It is observed that there is a secondary heating of specimens near the impact damaged zone when the active thermography is done in the transmission mode; the de-lamination defect can be more easily detected when the heating is from the damaged side and the measurement is from the opposite side using transmission mode. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. Keywords: Infrared Thermography; Damage detection; Cooling response; Hybrid Polymer Composites 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects, FDMD 2017, 19-22 September 2017, Lecco, Italy Damage Detectio using Infrared Therm graphy in a Carbon-Flax Fiber Hybrid Composite Raghu V Prakash a *, Monalisha Maharana a a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai – 600036, India Abstract Hybrid polymer composites are used in many secondary load carrying structures a d use of natural fibers f r hybridizatio is one of the options. However, in view of th higher levels of mismatch in strength between synthetic fibers a d natural fibers, the failure modes of hybrid n tural fiber com osites are different. Advanced non-destructiv test methods such as infra-red thermography are employed for damage etectio . The present pap r discusses th detection of dama e in hybrid natural fiber c mposite laminates using active thermograp y metho . Carb n nd Flax fiber reinforcements are considered for this stu y. Speci ens of hybrid composites prepar d by and lay-up technique were subjected to im act loading and post-impact fati ue loading to study damage progr ssion through infra-red thermography. The l minates are tested for cooling response u de trans ission od and reflection mode of therm l imaging for the test conditions of pristine specimen, impa t damaged specimen, and fatigue cycled specimen after impact damag . It is obs rved that there is a secondary heating of specimens near the impact damaged zone when the active thermography is done in the transmission mode; the de-lamination defect can be more easily detected when the heating is from the damaged side and the measurement is from the opposite side using transmission mode. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material D fects.

© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: Infrared Thermography; Damage detection; Cooling response; Hybrid Polymer Composites

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-44-2257-4694; fax: +91-44-2257-4652. E-mail address: raghuprakash@iitm.ac.in; raghu.v.prakash@gmail.com

2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +91-44-2257-4694; fax: +91-44-2257-4652. E-mail address: raghuprakash@iitm.ac.in; raghu.v.prakash@gmail.com

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216 Copyright  2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.11.090