PSI - Issue 7

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 7 (2017) 307–314 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 ScienceDirect

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. In-situ observation of crack propagation in silicon nitride ceramics Yuri Kadin a* , Stefan Strobl a , Charlotte Vieillard a , Paul Wijnbergen b and Vaclav Ocelik b a SKF Engineering & Research Center, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands b Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Department of Applied Physics. The Netherlands Abstract Using the four point bending inside scanning electron microscope (SEM), the in-situ visualization of crack propagation in silicon nitride ceramic under monotonic and cyclic loading was performed with notched specimens of prismatic shape. In the monotonic loading experiment the study focused on the visualization of inter- vs. trans-granular crack propagation and on the analysis of the material resistance to cracking in terms of R -curve. In the cyclic loading experiment the test was done under high load regime, sufficient for crack initiation and visible propagation within few cycles. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. Keywords: Silicon nitride; hybrid bearing; structural ceramics; inter- trans-granular crack propagation; R -curve; cyclic loading 1. Introduction Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) ceramic is nowadays the state-of-the-art materi l for rolling elem nts in hybrid b aring due to sup rior mechanical properties (Wang et al. (2000)), as high hardness, stiffness and low weight. Other physical properties, like good resistance to corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement, thermal stability and high electrical insulation make ceramics to be superior over full steel bearings for special applications. The SKF hybrid bearings 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects, FDMD 2017, 19-22 September 2017, Lecco, Italy In-situ ob ervatio of c ck propagation in silicon nitride ceramics Yuri Kadin a* , Stefan Strobl a , Charlotte Vieillard a , Paul Wijnbergen b and Vaclav Ocelik b a SKF Engineering & Research Center, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands b Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Department of Applied Physics. The Netherlands Abstract Using the four point bending inside scanning electron microscope (SEM), the in-situ visualization of crack propagation in silicon nitride ceramic under monotonic and cyclic loading was performed with notched specimens of prismatic shape. In the monotonic loading experiment the study focused on he visualizatio f i ter- vs. trans-granular crack propagation and on the analysis of the material resistance to cracking in terms of R -curve. In the cyclic loading experiment the test was done under high load regim , s fficient for crack initiation and visible propagation within few cycles. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material D fects. Keywords: Silicon nitride; hybrid bearing; structural ceramics; inter- trans-granular crack propagation; R -curve; cyclic loading 1. Introduction Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) ceramic is nowadays the state-of-the-art material for rolling elements in hybrid bearing due to superior mechanical prop rties (Wang et al. (2000)), as high hardness, stiffness and low weight. Other physical prop rti s, like good resistance to corrosion and hydr gen embrittlement, thermal stability and high electrical insulation make ceramics to be superior over full steel bearings for special applications. The SKF hybrid bearings © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects, FDMD 2017, 19-22 September 2017, Lecco, Italy

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +31306075779. E-mail address: yuri.kadin@skf.com * Corresponding author. Tel.: +31306075779. E-mail address: yuri.kadin@skf com

2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216 Copyright  2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of the 3rd International Symposium on Fatigue Design and Material Defects. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.11.093