PSI - Issue 64

Austin Martins-Robalino et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 64 (2024) 418–425 Martins-Robalino and Palermo / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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modifications were implemented in the models, significant improvements were captured in the failure mode and displacement predictions of Wall SWS. For Wall SWN, the model provided an improvement in the failure mode prediction but the ultimate displacement was still overestimated. Based on Wall SWN model’s overestimation of initial stiffness, further investigation into improving the default models (such as bond) for smooth bars in VecTor2 for application to SE-SMAs may provide improvements to the results. The inclusion of both a Local Reinforcement Fracture model and the reduced area of reinforcing bars due to strain gauge installation appear to better capture the local strain localization observed during experimental tests; phenomena that should be considered in walls with light reinforcement which are susceptible to reinforcement fracture. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). References Abdulridha, A., & Palermo, D. (2017). Behaviour and modelling of hybrid SMA-steel reinforced concrete slender shear wall. Engineering Structures , 147 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.04.058 Almeida, J. P. de, Steinmetz, M., Rigot, F., & de Cock, S. (2020). Shape-memory NiTi alloy rebars in flexural controlled large-scale reinforced concrete walls: Experimental investigation on self-centring and damage limitation. Engineering Structures , 220 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110865 ASCE/SEI. (2017). Asce/SEI 41-17. In Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings . ATC. (1992). Guidelines for cyclic seismic testing of components of steel structures. In ATC-24 . Canadian Standards Association. (2014). CSA A23.3-14. Design of Concrete Structures. Cortés-Puentes, L., Zaidi, M., Palermo, D., & Dragomirescu, E. (2018). Cyclic loading testing of repaired SMA and steel reinforced concrete shear walls. Engineering Structures , 168 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.04.044 Dhakal, R. P., & Maekawa, K. (2002). Path-dependent cyclic stress-strain relationship of reinforcing bar including buckling. Engineering Structures , 24 (11). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(02)00080-9 Fang, C. (2022). SMAs for infrastructures in seismic zones: A critical review of latest trends and future needs. In Journal of Building Engineering (Vol. 57). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104918 (FEMA), F. E. M. A. (2007). Interim Protocols for Determining Seismic Performance Characteristics of Structural and Nonstructural Components Through Laboratory Testing. In FEMA 461 (Issue June). Hoult, R., & de Almeida, J. P. (2022). From experimental strain and crack distributions to plastic hinge lengths of RC walls with SMA rebars. Engineering Structures , 268 , 114731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114731 Morcos, M., & Palermo, D. (2019). SMA-Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls Subjected to Reverse Cyclic Loading. SMAR 2019 - Fifth Conference on Smart Monitoring, Assessment and Rehabilitation of Civil Structures , 1 – 8. https://www.smar2019.org/ Muntasir Billah, A. H. M., & Alam, M. S. (2016). Bond behavior of smooth and sand-coated shape memory alloy (SMA) rebar in concrete. Structures , 5 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2015.11.005 P-58-1, F. (2018). FEMA P-58-1: Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings. Volume 1 – Methodology. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMAP-58) , 1 (December 2018). Soto-Rojas, M. A. (2020). Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composite-Repaired Superelastic-Shape Memory Alloy Reinforced Shear Walls [Masters]. York University. Tolou Kian, M. J., & Cruz-Noguez, C. (2018). Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls Detailed with Innovative Materials: Seismic Performance. Journal of Composites for Construction , 22 (6). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943 5614.0000893 Yan, S., Lin, M. Y., Xiao, Z. F., & Niu, J. (2018). Experimental research on resilient performances of Fe-based SMA-reinforced concrete shear walls. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science , 189 (3). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/189/3/032028 Zhang, Z. (2020). Finite Element Modelling of Ultra-High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete [Masters]. University of Toronto.