PSI - Issue 6

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 6 (2017) 168–173 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Sc i enceDi r ect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 il l li t . i ir t. i i Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. XXVII International Conference “Mathematical and Computer Simulations in Mechanics of Solids and Structures”. Fundamentals of Static and Dynamic Fracture (MCM 2017) Notches in fibrous materials: micro-mechanisms of deformation and damage Emrah Sozu ert a , Farukh Farukh b , Baris Sabuncuoglu c , Emrah Demirci a , Memis Acar a , Behnam Pourdeyhimi d , Vadim V. Silberschmidt a 0F0F * a Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University,Leicester, LE11 3TU, UK b School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE2 7DP, UK c Mechatronics Engineering, University of Turkish Aeronautical Association, Ankara, 06790, Turkey d The Nonwovens Institute, Textile Engineering, North Caroli a State Univ rs ty, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA Abstract Fibrous networks are ubiquitous structures for many natural materials, such as bones and bacterial cellulose, and artificial ones (e.g. polymer-based nonwovens). Mechanical behaviour of these networks are of interest to researchers since it deviates significantly from that of traditional materials treated usually within the framework of continuum mechanics. The main reason for this difference is a discontinuous character of networks with randomly distributed fibres (that can be also curved) resulting in complex scenarios of fibre-to-fibre interactions in the process of their deformation. This also affects a character of load transfer, characterised by spatial non-uniformity and localisation. A discontinuous nature of fibrous networks results in their non-trivial failure character and, more specifically, evolution of failure caused by notches. In order to investigate these mechanisms, various notches are introduced both into real-life specimens used in experimentation and discontinuous finite-element (FE) models specially developed (Farukh et al., 2014a; Hou et al., 2009, 2011a; Sabuncuoglu et al, 2013) to mimic the microstructure of fibrous networks. The specimens were tested under tensile loading in one of the principal directions, with FE-based simulations emulating this regime. The effect of notch shape on damage mechanisms, effective material toughness and damage patterns was investigated using the obtained experimental and numerical methods. The developed discontinuous model with direct introduction of microstructural features of fibrous networks allowed assessment of strain distribution over selected paths in them in order to obtain strain profiles in the vicinity of notch tips. Additionally, evolution of damage calculated in advanced numerical simulations demonstrated a good agreement with images from experiments. II I t r ti l f r t ti l t r i l ti i i f li tr t r . t l f t ti i r t r ( ) t a , , i l c , i i a , i a , ehn i i d , i . il i t a 0F0F a olfson School of echanical, lectrical and anufacturing Engineering, oughborough niversity, eicester, 11 3 , b School of ngineering and Sustainable evelop ent, e ontfort niversity, eicester, 2 7 , c echatronics ngineering, University of Turkish Aeronautical Association, Ankara, 06790, Turkey d he on ovens Institute, extile ngineering, orth aroli a State niversity, aleigh, 27606, S Abstr ct i r s et r s are i it s str ct res f r a at ral aterials, s c as es a acterial cell l se, a artificial es (e. . l er- ase e s). ec a ical e a i r f t ese et r s are f i terest t researc ers si ce it e iates si ifica tl fr t at f tra iti al aterials treate s all it i t e fra e r f c ti ec a ics. e ai reas for this difference is a disc ti s c aracter f et r s it ra l istri te fi res (t at ca e als c r e ) res lti i c le sce ari s f fi re-t -fi re i teractions in the process of their deformation. This also affects a character of load transfer, characterised by spatial non-uniformity and localisation. A discontinuous at re f fibr us et r s res lts i t eir -tri ial fail re c aracter a , re s ecificall , e l ti f fail re caused by notches. In order t i esti ate t ese ec a is s, ari s tc es are i tr ce t i t real-life s eci e s se i e eri e tati a isc ti s fi ite-ele e t ( ) els s eciall e el e ( ar et al., a; et al., , a; a c l et al, ) t i ic t e icr str ct re f fi r s et r s. e s eci e s ere teste er te sile l a i i e f t e ri ci al irecti ns, with - ase si lati s e lati t is re i e. e effect f tc s a e a a e ec a is s, effecti e aterial t ess a a a e atter s as i esti ate si t e tai e e eri e tal a erical methods. The developed discontinuous model with direct i tr cti f icr str ct ral feat res f fi r s et r s all e assess e t f strai istri ti er selecte at s i t e i r er t tai strai r files i t e ici it f tc ti s. iti all , e l ti f a a e calc late i a a ced numerical simulations dem strate a a ree e t it i a es fr m e eri ents. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. e t ors. Published by Elsevier B.V. er res si ilit f t e r a izers. eer-re ie

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. 2452-3216 2017 he uthors. ublished by lsevier . . eer-re ie er res si ilit f t e r a izers. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-(0)-1509-227504; fax: +44-(0)-1509-227502. - ail address: . ilbersch idt lboro.ac.uk * Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-(0)-1509-227504; fax: +44-(0)-1509-227502. E-mail address: V.Silberschmidt@lboro.ac.uk

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016.

2452-3216 Copyright  2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the MCM 2017 organizers. 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.11.026