PSI - Issue 58

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ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 58 (2024) 73–79 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2024) 000–000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2024) 000–000

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© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ICSID 2023 Organizers Abstract Fatigue is often driving the design of agricultural mowers as they are exposed to highly dynamic loading. The fatigue life of welded joints is well known to be reduced when exposed to non-proportional stresses. Thus, it is of great interest to quantify the levels of non-proportionality in agricultural mowers. In this paper, an experimental setup of a lifting arm in a mower structure has been developed in order to obtain experimental strain measurements. Based on the experimental setup, a digital twin is developed using the finite element method and the model is validated and updated against the experimental data. Using the digital twin in combination with a non-proportionality quantification approach, the levels of non-proportionality at four di ff erent locations of the lifting arm are predicted. The results show that geometry and loading influence the level of non-proportionality to a high degree. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of the ICSID 2023 Organizers. Keywords: Weld fatigue; agricultural machinery; non-proportionality; finite element analysis; model updating 7th International Conference on Structural Integrity and Durability (ICSID 2023) Finite element validation and non-proportionality quantification of lifting arm for agricultural mower based on experimental results Mikkel L. Larsen a,b, ∗ , Joachim D. Gensmann b , Alexander P.K. Holm b , Vikas Arora a a University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark b Kverneland Group Kerteminde, Taarupstrandvej 25, 5300 Kerteminde, Denmark Abstract Fatigue is often driving the design of agricultural mowers as they are exposed to highly dynamic loading. The fatigue life of welded joints is well known to be reduced when exposed to non-proportional stresses. Thus, it is of great interest to quantify the levels of non-proportionality in agricultural mowers. In this paper, an experimental setup of a lifting arm in a mower structure has been developed in order to obtain experimental strain measurements. Based on the experimental setup, a digital twin is developed using the finite element method and the model is validated and updated against the experimental data. Using the digital twin in combination with a non-proportionality quantification approach, the levels of non-proportionality at four di ff erent locations of the lifting arm are predicted. The results show that geometry and loading influence the level of non-proportionality to a high degree. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of the ICSID 2023 Organizers. Keywords: Weld fatigue; agricultural machinery; non-proportionality; finite element analysis; model updating 7th International Conference on Structural Integrity and Durability (ICSID 2023) Finite element validation and non-proportionality quantification of lifting arm for agricultural mower based on experimental results Mikkel L. Larsen a,b, ∗ , Joachim D. Gensmann b , Alexander P.K. Holm b , Vikas Arora a a University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark b Kverneland Group Kerteminde, Taarupstrandvej 25, 5300 Kerteminde, Denmark

1. Introduction 1. Introduction

Agricultural machinery, such as disc mowers, are in risk of fatigue damage due to the cyclic loading that they experience during their lifetime. Especially, the welded joints are prone to fatigue damages due to stress risers and weld defects, (Gurney (1979); Maddox (1991)). The fatigue life of welded structures, in general, can be determined using S-N curve-based approaches which are described in several standards and guidelines such as the recommendations from the International Institute of Welding (IIW) (Hobbacher (2016)), the Eurocode (DS / EN (2007)) or the guidelines from DNV (DNV (2021)). For cases where the principal stress direction rotates during a stress cycle, known as non-proportional stresses, the fatigue life is known to be reduced (Sonsino (2019)). To quantify the ”levels of non proportionality”, several methods have been proposed in the literature (Bolchoun et al. (2015)). Common, for most of these methods is they have been used on simple structures or simulated signals only. Agricultural machinery, such as disc mowers, are in risk of fatigue damage due to the cyclic loading that they experience during their lifetime. Especially, the welded joints are prone to fatigue damages due to stress risers and weld defects, (Gurney (1979); Maddox (1991)). The fatigue life of welded structures, in general, can be determined using S-N curve-based approaches which are described in several standards and guidelines such as the recommendations from the International Institute of Welding (IIW) (Hobbacher (2016)), the Eurocode (DS / EN (2007)) or the guidelines from DNV (DNV (2021)). For cases where the principal stress direction rotates during a stress cycle, known as non-proportional stresses, the fatigue life is known to be reduced (Sonsino (2019)). To quantify the ”levels of non proportionality”, several methods have been proposed in the literature (Bolchoun et al. (2015)). Common, for most of these methods is they have been used on simple structures or simulated signals only.

∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 45 31 53 32 85 E-mail address: mlla@sdu.dk ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: + 45 31 53 32 85 E-mail address: mlla@sdu.dk

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ICSID 2023 Organizers 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.05.013 2210-7843 © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of the ICSID 2023 Organizers. 2210-7843 © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http: // creativecommons.org / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of the ICSID 2023 Organizers.