PSI - Issue 57

5

Amira Aboussalih et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 57 (2024) 848–858 Author name / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

852

4.2 Comparison between axial and biaxial behavior under strain

We carry out simulation tests in the longitudinal direction (tension-compression) with imposed deformation (Fig 4- a) for a rate ε t = 0.4%. On the other hand (Fig 4-b) shows the evolution of the stress as a function of the deformation for 50 cycles. (Fig 5-a) represents strain imposed in the direction of tension and torsion as a function of time ( ε t = 0.4%, γ x θ = 0.69%) for 50 cycles. Consequently, (Fig 5-b) reveals hysteresis loops showing an over-hardening caused by the loading in torsion.

 xx = 0,4 %

0,006

-200 Axial stress  xx ( MPa ) 0 200

0,004

-0,004 Axial Strain  xx ( % ) -0,002 0,000 0,002

 xx = 0,4 %

-0,006

-0,004

-0,002

0,000

0,002

0,004

0

200

400

Axial strain  xx (%)

Time ( S)

b)

a)

Fig. 4 : Response of 316 L steel under cyclic loading

 x  = 0,69 %  xx = 0,4 %

400

0,008

0,006

-200 Axial Stress  xx ( Pa ) 0 200

0,004

0,002

0,000

-0,002

-0,004 shearing strain

-0,006

 xx = 0,4 %  x  = 0,69 %

-0,008

Axial Strain and Equivalent

-0,004

-0,002

0,000

0,002

0,004

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Time ( S)

Axial Strain (% ) b)

a)

Fig.5.Manifestation of the cyclic behavior of 316 L steel under biaxial loading, a) Axial and equivalent deformation as a function of time, b) Simulated hysteresis curve