PSI - Issue 55

Francesca Frasca et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 55 (2024) 32–38 Frasca et al., / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

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as reference temperatures, the values suggested by standards to limit thermo-induced risks to vulnerable collections. It was found that in far future the total energy demand of museums in Trondheim will tend to significantly decrease in heating demand with a very low occurrence of summer cooling. On the opposite, museums in Rome will be much less energy-demanding in winter heating, but this reduction will be compensated by a higher cooling energy demand in summer. In this scenario, the gap between energy demands in Rome and Trondheim will tend to reduce, opening interesting perspectives in terms of the energy management of such sites. As an example, the occurrence of summer days and tropical nights will tend to increase in Rome (middle latitude), thus anticipating that retrofitting strategies should be tailored towards the identification of multi-option passive solutions in museums to avoid the use of energy demanding systems, thus contributing to the reduction of the global carbon dioxide emissions. One of the limitations of our approach is that the energy demand is computed taking into account only the conduction heat transfer of buildings, that might underestimate the future energy demands mainly in case of museums with large-sized windows without shutters. Indeed, although the thermal insulation of the building envelope makes it possible to decrease the total energy demand due to the reduction of the conduction heat transfer, this solution could be responsible for overheating issues, especially in summertime and at middle-low latitudes, due to a higher solar gain with respect to higher latitudes. In such cases, more sophisticated calculation methods, including convection and radiation heat transfers, should be applied. In addition, future energy demand quantification strictly depends on the uncertainty in the projected climate. To sum up, the scenario of case studies with geographical high latitude range shown in this contribution could lay the foundation to stimulate a debate on how to define the next energy performance of buildings directives for countries of the European Economic Area according to future climate conditions. Acknowledgements F. Frasca acknowledges the grant PON “Ricerca e Innovazione” 2014 - 2020 IV.6 “Dottorati e contratti di ricerca su tematiche green” (ex D.M. 1062/2021). References Battista, G., Evangelisti, L., Guattari, C., Roncone, M., & Balaras, C. A. (2023). Space-time estimation of the urban heat island in Rome (Italy): Overall assessment and effects on the energy performance of buildings. 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