PSI - Issue 55

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ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Procedia Structural Integrity 55 (2024) 160–167

© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers Abstract Non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques are employed by many authors as reliable and effective methodologies to investigate the current conservation state of historic buildings and to follow up its evolution in response to the surrounding environmental changes. This paper briefly reviews the scientific articles dealing with NDT techniques applied to historic reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. To this purpose, 32 articles were selected through the steps of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram and critically analysed. It emerges that Acoustic Emission and Ultrasonic techniques, Thermography, Rebound Hammer, and Electromagnetic techniques (e.g., Eddy Current and Ground Penetrating radar) are commonly employed due to their ability to detect damage in RC structures. As a result, the combined use of acoustic and mechanical methods (also known as “SonReb” Rebound Hammer and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) is found to be the approach more frequently used in the revised documents. This work allows to guide in the selection of NDT techniques to study the rate of decay, if any, and shows the way towards the development of new early warning approaches for historic RC structures. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers Keywords: Non-destructive testing; reinforced concrete; historic construction; literature review; PRISMA. Abstract Non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques are employed by many authors as reliable and effective methodologies to investigate the current conservation state of historic buildings and to follow up its evolution in response to the surrounding environmental changes. This paper briefly reviews the scientific articles dealing with NDT techniques applied to historic reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. To this purpose, 32 articles were selected through the steps of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram and critically analysed. It emerges that Acoustic Emission and Ultrasonic techniques, Thermography, Rebound Hammer, and Electromagnetic techniques (e.g., Eddy Current and Ground Penetrating radar) are commonly employed due to their ability to detect damage in RC structures. As a result, the combined use of acoustic and mechanical methods (also known as “SonReb” Rebound Hammer and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) is found to be the approach more frequently used in the revised documents. This work allows to guide in the selection of NDT techniques to study the rate of decay, if any, and shows the way towards the development of new early warning approaches for historic RC structures. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers Keywords: Non-destructive testing; reinforced concrete; historic construction; literature review; PRISMA. ESICC 2023 – Energy efficiency, Structural Integrity in historical and modern buildings facing Climate change and Circularity Diagnosis of Historic Reinforced Concrete Buildings: A Literature Review of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Techniques Giulia Boccacci a , Francesca Frasca b,c , Chiara Bertolin d , Anna Maria Siani b,c, * a Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; b CIABC Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy; c Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; d Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Richard Birkelands vei 2B, 7491 Trondheim, Norway. ESICC 2023 – Energy efficiency, Structural Integrity in historical and modern buildings facing Climate change and Circularity Diagnosis of Historic Reinforced Concrete Buildings: A Literature Review of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Techniques Giulia Boccacci a , Francesca Frasca b,c , Chiara Bertolin d , Anna Maria Siani b,c, * a Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; b CIABC Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy; c Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy; d Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Richard Birkelands vei 2B, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-06-4991-3479; fax: +39-06-446-3158. E-mail address: annamaria.siani@uniroma1.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-06-4991-3479; fax: +39-06-446-3158. E-mail address: annamaria.siani@uniroma1.it

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers

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