PSI - Issue 55

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ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2023) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Procedia Structural Integrity 55 (2024) 135–142

© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers Abstract Buildings account for 40% of energy consumption and 38% of CO 2 emissions in the European Union (EU). This substantial impact is primarily due to the delayed implementation of initial energy codes. Additionally, about 40% of the EU's buildings are situated in seismic-prone areas, many of which were constructed without meeting current safety standards. An estimated 65% of these structures require both energy and seismic upgrades. Given these challenges, there is an urgent socio-economic and environmental need to renovate the existing building stock. It is crucial to adopt an integrated retrofitting strategy, enhancing both efficiency and resilience against extreme events. This study provides a detailed examination of the integrated retrofitting of existing Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings. Additionally, a review of current international policies (or incentive programs) related to independent (i.e., structural or energy) and integrated retrofitting (i.e., seismic plus structural) is presented and discussed. From the ten incentive programs evaluated, 77% focused on energy retrofitting interventions, while only 33% addressed structural improvement interventions. As anticipated, there is an increasing emphasis on programs that also consider the sustainable impact of these buildings’ interventions but the combination of energ y plus structural interventions still has a minor relevance. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers Keywords: Incentive programs; Integrated retrofitting; Energy efficiency; Structural safety; CO2 emissions. Introduction The construction sector in the European Union (EU) accounts for 36% of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions, 40% of energy consumption, and 55% of electricity consumption (Comission 2020). A significant portion of this energy Abstract Buildings account for 40% of energy consumption and 38% of CO 2 emissions in the European Union (EU). This substantial impact is primarily due to the delayed implementation of initial energy codes. Additionally, about 40% of the EU's buildings are situated in seismic-prone areas, many of which were constructed without meeting current safety standards. An estimated 65% of these structures require both energy and seismic upgrades. Given these challenges, there is an urgent socio-economic and environmental need to renovate the existing building stock. It is crucial to adopt an integrated retrofitting strategy, enhancing both efficiency and resilience against extreme events. This study provides a detailed examination of the integrated retrofitting of existing Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings. Additionally, a review of current international policies (or incentive programs) related to independent (i.e., structural or energy) and integrated retrofitting (i.e., seismic plus structural) is presented and discussed. From the ten incentive programs evaluated, 77% focused on energy retrofitting interventions, while only 33% addressed structural improvement interventions. As anticipated, there is an increasing emphasis on programs that also consider the sustainable impact of these buildings’ interventions but the combination of energ y plus structural interventions still has a minor relevance. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. Keywords: Incentive programs; Integrated retrofitting; Energy efficiency; Structural safety; CO2 emissions. 1. Introduction The construction sector in the European Union (EU) accounts for 36% of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions, 40% of energy consumption, and 55% of electricity consumption (Comission 2020). A significant portion of this energy 1. ESICC 2023 – Energy efficiency, Structural Integrity in historical and modern buildings facing Climate change and Circularity Perspectives on integrated retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete buildings ESICC 2023 – Energy efficiency, Structural Integrity in historical and modern buildings facing Climate change and Circularity Perspectives on integrated retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete buildings Rafaela Almeida a, 1 , Hugo Rodrigues b , M. Glória Gomes a , André Furtado a Rafaela Almeida a, 1 , Hugo Rodrigues b , M. Glória Gomes a , André Furtado a a CERIS, Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal b RISCO, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro, Portugal a CERIS, Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal b RISCO, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro, Portugal

1 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351-918-798-1737. E-mail address: rafaela.almeida@tecnico.ulisboa.pt. 1 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351-918-798-1737. E-mail address: rafaela.almeida@tecnico.ulisboa.pt.

2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers 2452-3216 © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the ESICC 2023 Organizers

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