PSI - Issue 55

Poliana Bellei et al. / Procedia Structural Integrity 55 (2024) 96–102

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Poliana Bellei et al. / Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2019) 000 – 000

intermediaries (Oyster farmers, Association or Cooperative, Scrubbing Station or Distributor, Consumer, Hospitality, Restaurant, Supermarket/Hypermarket, Construction and Building Materials Company) were carried out within the framework of the Shellter project, together with a master's dissertation, and a Ph.D. thesis. With the opportunity to recover traditional construction techniques, this biomaterial needs to be transported to a mortar production factory that explores its potential. In the study a possible location of such factory was considered in Faro. Transportation: at this stage, the transportation of natural hydraulic lime and sand were considered as mentioned in Section 2. The environmental impacts of shells were considered in terms of transportation from a fishing shed on Culatra Island in the Algarve region to a possible company facility located in the city of Faro. The distance was obtained from Google Maps (5 km by boat and 10 km by truck weighing up to 32 tons). After arriving at the facilities, the shells need to be prepared for use in construction. Manufacturing: the oyster shell was used to replace percentages of traditional materials in the composition of the coating mortar. The shell powder was obtained by using a cutting mill (for an initial reduction in shell particle size) and a centrifuge mill (so that all particles are < 150 µm). For the use of shell as aggregate, only the cutting mill was needed. The mills are shown in Fig. 1. In addition, one of the mortars was produced with calcined shell powder. In this case, the oyster shell powder still underwent a calcination process, requiring an oven that reaches high temperatures, such as 1000 °C.

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Fig. 1. (a) cutting mill; (a) centrifuge mill.

3.2. Environmental impacts In this endeavor, our focus centered on the analysis of the environmental variable Global Warming Potential (GWP). All the environmental impacts values were weighting to the ratio of the mortar mix. The components and processes of LCA in GWP per kilograms are seen in the Fig. 2. The total GWP of each mortar is shown in Fig. 3.