PSI - Issue 52

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000–000

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

ScienceDirect

Procedia Structural Integrity 52 (2024) 401–409

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Professor Ferri Aliabadi Abstract The material development is an expensive process, especially considering composite materials as their microstructure can be very complex. Particle reinforced composites in particular can consist of particles with complicated shapes. Traditionally ellipsoid approximations are used to reduce shape complexity, which comes at the drawback of neglecting the influence of the particles shape onto the composite mechanical properties. The computational method as proposed in this work employs particle swarm optimization in combination with the FE method to create spherical equivalents, which reduces the complexity but also stores the particle shape information. The proposed method can minimize the development cost of new particle reinforced composite materials, while increasing the spectrum of evaluated material features. © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Professor Ferri Aliabadi Keywords: Surrogate Creation; Particle Swarm Optimization; Particle Reinforced Composites; Numerical Optimization 1. Introduction The development of new materials with optimal properties for a predefined application is still an expensive process, as multiple material specimens need to be manufactured and their mechanical response to loading be evaluated. The defining cost factors are mainly the need of a skilled workforce, the time requirement of the specimen manufacturing process and the subsequent testing of them. After evaluation of the current batch of specimens the process is repeated. Especially composite materials are costly to develop. This is due to the different material properties of the constituents, as well as the complex microstructure of the composite. Materials such as particle reinforced composites can often times display a complex microstructure as they can consist of multiple material phases, where the reinforcing particles Fracture, Damage and Structural Health Monitoring Particle Shape Complexity Reduction for Estimation of Effective Elastic Properties of the Composite Pascal Alexander Happ a , Romana Piat a * a University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Schoefferstrasse 3, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany Abstract The material development is an expensive process, especially considering composite materials as their microstructure can be very complex. Particle reinforced composites in particular can consist of particles with complicated shapes. Traditionally ellipsoid approximations are used to reduce shape complexity, which comes at the drawback of neglecting the influence of the particles shape onto the composite mechanical properties. The computational method as proposed in this work employs particle swarm optimization in combination with the FE method to create spherical equivalents, which reduces the complexity but also stores the particle shape information. The proposed method can minimize the development cost of new particle reinforced composite materials, while increasing the spectrum of evaluated material features. © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Professor Ferri Aliabadi Keywords: Surrogate Creation; Particle Swarm Optimization; Particle Reinforced Composites; Numerical Optimization 1. Introduction The development of new materials with optimal properties for a predefined application is still an expensive process, as multiple material specimens need to be manufactured and their mechanical response to loading be evaluated. The defining cost factors are mainly the need of a skilled workforce, the time requirement of the specimen manufacturing process and the subsequent testing of them. After evaluation of the current batch of specimens the process is repeated. Especially composite materials are costly to develop. This is due to the different material properties of the constituents, as well as the complex microstructure of the composite. Materials such as particle reinforced composites can often times display a complex microstructure as they can consist of multiple material phases, where the reinforcing particles Fracture, Damage and Structural Health Monitoring Particle Shape Complexity Reduction for Estimation of Effective Elastic Properties of the Composite Pascal Alexander Happ a , Romana Piat a * a University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Schoefferstrasse 3, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany

* Corresponding author. E-mail address: romana.piat@h-da.de * Corresponding author. E-mail address: romana.piat@h-da.de

2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Professor Ferri Aliabadi 2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Professor Ferri Aliabadi

2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of Professor Ferri Aliabadi 10.1016/j.prostr.2023.12.040