PSI - Issue 5

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 5 (2017) 217–224 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. Finite Element Analysis of Crack Growth for Structural Health Monitoring of Mooring Chains using Ultrasonic Guided Waves and Acoustic Emission Ángela Angulo a,b *, Jane Allwright a , Cristinel Mares b , Tat-Hean Gan a,b , Slim Soua a a TWI Ltd, Integrity management G oup. Granta Park, Gre t Abington, Cambridg , CB21 6AL, United Kingdom b Brunel University, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom Abstract As offshore oil and gas exploration and production goes further afield and into deeper waters, more offshore operations, are conducted from floating platforms, which are moored to the seabed by chains, polyester tether lines, or combinations of both. Moreover, the forecasted large scale deployment of offshore renewable energy systems in deep water will rely upon similar mooring systems. Mooring lines are safety-critical systems on offshore floating and semi-submersible platforms. The lines are usually subject t imme se environmental and structural forces such as currents, oceans waves, and hurricanes. Other forces include impact with the seabed, abrasion, increased drag due to accumulation of marine organisms a d salt water corrosion. Failure of one or more of mooring lines can result in disastrous consequences for safety, the envir nment and production. Mooring chain life can be significantly reduced, leading to unacceptable risk of catastrophic failure, if early damage is not detected. Chain mounted equipment is available to monitor chain tension and bending, but detection of damage caused by stress concentrations, fatigue, corrosion and fretting or combinations of these is not currently possible. The Ultrasonic Guided Waves (UGW) and Acoustic Emission (AE) techniques are capable of etecting cracks in mooring chains and fatigue damage. This paper describes a methodology of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for crack initiation and crack growth simulation for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applying UGW and AE. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsi ility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity, ICSI 2017, 4-7 September 2017, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Finite Element Analysis of Crack Growth for Structural Health Monitoring of Mooring Chains using Ultrasonic Guided Waves and Acoustic Emission Ángela Angulo a,b *, Jane Allwright a , Cristinel Mares b , Tat-Hean Gan a,b , Slim Soua a a TWI Ltd, Integrity manag ment Group. Granta Park, Gr at Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6AL, United Kingdom b Brunel Un v rsity, Ki gs on Lan , Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom Abstract As offsh re oil and gas exploration and production goes further afield and int d eper wat rs, more offshore operati ns, are conduct d from floating pl tforms, which are moored to the seab d by chains, polyester tether lines, or combinations of both. Moreover, the forecasted large scale deployment of offshore renewable energy systems in deep water will rely upon similar mooring systems. Moori g lines are safety-critical systems on offshore floating and semi-submersible platforms. The lines are usually subje t to imm nse environmental and structur l forces su h as currents, ocea s waves, and hurricanes. Other forces incl de impact with the seabed, abrasion, increased drag due to accumulation of marin organis s and salt water corrosion. Failure of one or more of moori g lines can result in disastrous consequences for safety, the environment and production. Mooring chain life can be significantly reduced, leading to unacceptable risk of catastrophic failure, if early damage is not detected. Chain mounted equipment is available to monitor chain tension a d bending, but detection of damage cause by stress concentr tions, fatigue, corrosion and fretting or combinations of th se is not currently possible. The Ultrasonic Guided Waves (UGW) and Acoustic Emission (AE) techniques are capable of dete ting cracks i mooring chains and fatigue damage. This paper describes a methodology of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for crack initiation and crack growth simulation for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applying UGW and AE. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity, ICSI 2017, 4-7 September 2017, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Keywords: mooring chain, structural integrity, structural health monitoring, acoustic emission, guided wave, crack growth; Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Keywords: mooring chain, structural integrity, structural health monitoring, acoustic emission, guided wave, crack growth;

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.07.119 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2017 Th Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-1223-899-091; fax: +44-1223-892-588. E-mail address: angela.angulo@twi.co.uk * Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-1223-899-091; fax: +44-1223-892-588. E-mail address: angela.angulo@twi.co.uk