PSI - Issue 5

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com ienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 5 (2017) 973–98 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000 il l li t . i i t. tr t r l I t rit r i ( )

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia . l i r. /l t / r i

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity, ICSI 2017, 4-7 September 2017, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Development of a 2D analytical model for the prediction of directivity pattern of transducers in the generation of guided wave modes Kumar Anubhav Tiwari a, *, Renaldas Raisutis a , Liudas Mazeika a , Vykintas Samaitis a a Ultrasound Research Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsausko st. 59 - A426, Kaunas LT-51423, Lithuania Abstract The guided waves (GW) are extensively used in the nondestructive testing (NDT) and structure health monitoring (SHM) of the large and complex structures. It enables to detect the defects up to few meters away from the transducers. However, the defects could occur at longer distances. In order to cover the test area of interest for the estimation of defects and to find the exact position of the t ansducers to be glued/ embedded, the directivity pattern of the transducers must be known. The aim of the presented work is to develop the 2D analytical model for the estimation of directivity patterns of the transducers at various frequencies and distances . The model was developed using the Huygens’s principle of wave propagation distances with consid ring the known phase dispersive characteristics of the guided wave modes in the medium. The principle of modelling will work to plot the directivity patter at any distance, at any excitation frequency and with any c nfiguration n shape of the transducers. In order to demonstrate the m del, the directivity patterns of P1-type macro-fiber composite (MFC) transducer in the g neration of fundame tal Lamb modes and shear horizontal ode at 300 mm fr m th center of MFC were obtai ed. The input signal used was 80 kHz, 3 period signal and propag tion medium was Al plate of 2 mm thickness. The predicti n about the position of wh re MFC transduc r shoul be placed or glued on the object and selection f proper wave modes in order to estimate the defect in various materials is also discussed. The results were validated using finite element analysis (FEA) performed in ANSYS and furth r verified by the experimental analysis using low-frequency (LF) ultra onic measurement system ULTRALAB, developed by Ultrasound Research Institute, Kau as University of Technology. The proposed analytical model will not only facilitate to decide the position and number of transducers but also leads to choosing the configuration of transducer and wave modes suitable to be used for the inspection of defects. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. , a a a a lt I tit t , i it f l , . rs s st. - , s - , it i i t i l i t t ti t ti t t lt it i t l l t t . t l t t t t t t t t t . , t t l t l i t . t t t t i t t t ti ti t t i t t iti t t t l / , t i ti it tt t t t . i t t i t l t l ti l l t ti ti i ti it tt t t t i i i t . l l i t i i l ti i t it i e i t i i t i ti t i i t i . i i l lli ill t l t t i ti it tt t i t , t it ti it i ti a t t . t t t t o l, t i ti it tt t i it t i t ti t l i t l t o t e t t i . i t i l , i i l ati i l l t t i . i ti t t iti e t l l l t j t l ti o i t ti t t t i i t i l i l i . lt li t i i it l t l i i t i i t i t l l i i l lt i t t , l lt tit t , i it l . l ti l l ill t l ilit t t i t iti t t l l t i t i ti t it l t t i ti t . he thor . li ed by El ier B.V. i i ilit t i ti i itt . © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation. Keywords : Analytical model; Directivity; Macro fiber Composite (MFC); Lamb mode; Shear horizontal; Ultrasonic NDT; Transducer : l ti l l; ir ti it ; r fi r it ( ); ; r ri t l; ltr i ; r r

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +370-64694913; fax: +370-37451489. E-mail address: k.tiwari@ktu.lt i t r. l.: - ; f : - . - il : .ti ri t .lt rr

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.07.139 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. l i r . . i i ilit t i ti i itt . - t r . li