PSI - Issue 5

ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Av ilable o line at ww.sciencedire t.com Scie ceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2016) 000 – 000 Procedia Structu al Integrity 5 (2017) 34 –346 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Sci nc Dire t Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2017) 000 – 000

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XV Portuguese Conference on Fracture, PCF 2016, 10-12 February 2016, Paço de Arcos, Portugal Thermo-mechanical modeling of a high pressure turbine blade of an airplane gas turbine engine P. Brandão a , V. Infante b , A.M. Deus c * a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal b IDMEC, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal c CeFEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract During their operation, modern aircraft engine components are subjected to increasingly demanding operating conditions, especially the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades. Such conditions cause these parts to undergo different types of time-dependent degradation, one of which is creep. A model using the finite element method (FEM) was developed, in order to be able to predict the creep behaviour of HPT blades. Flight data records (FDR) for a specific aircraft, provided by a commercial aviation company, were used to obtain thermal and mechanical data for three different flight cycles. In order to create the 3D model needed for the FEM analysis, a HPT blade scrap was scanned, and its chemical composition and material properties were obtained. The data that was gathered was fed into the FEM model and different simulations were run, first with a simplified 3D rectangular block shape, in order to better establish the model, and then with the real 3D mesh obtained from the blade scrap. The overall expected behaviour in terms of displacement was observed, in particular at the trailing edge of the blade. Therefore such a model can be useful in the goal of predicting turbine blade life, given a set of FDR data. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity, ICSI 2017, 4-7 September 2017, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Stress-strain assessment of dents in wall of high pressure gas pipeline 1a Jan Kec*, 1b Ivo Cerny 1 SVÚM a.s., Strength Department, Tovarni 2053, 250 88, Celakovice, Czech Republic a kec@svum.cz, b ivo.cerny@seznam.cz The aim of this work was experimental study of the dents effect on structural integrity of a high-pressure gas pipeline with nominal diameter 300 mm after long-terme operation. Stress-strain behaviour of two dents was evaluated by strain gauge chains oriented in hoop direction. Dent profiles were measured by digital slide caliper in circumferential and longitudinal direction in points distant 10 mm fr m each other. Residual deformations were detected after internal pressure loading by water to the operating level. Negative and positive values of residual deformation were found wuth the help of strain gauges. Fatigue resistance was tested by 10 000 pressures cycles with load asymmetry R = 0 and maximum internal pressure p max = 6,3 MPa (nominal operating level). Internal pressure cyclic loading caused an increase of residual deformation values. By means of subsequent pressure burst test, the limit state of this type defect was found. Two dwells were realized in 66% and 100% yield stress. Negative values of strain were observed at strain gauges placed on edge of dents. Positive values of strain were found at strain gauges placed inside the dents. The increase of internal pressure led to the changes of dent shape. Dent depth decreased and the original circular tube profile was reached again. The pipe fracture occurred at the internal pressure of 19 MPa. Tensile properties and Charpy absorbed energy were measured on standartized specimens of the pipe material. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. Keywords: Full scale test, gas pipeline, strain gauges measuring. 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity, ICSI 2017, 4-7 September 2017, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Stress-strain assess ent of dents in all of high pressure gas pipeline 1a Jan Kec*, 1b Ivo Cerny 1 SVÚM a.s., Strength Department, Tovarni 2053, 250 88, Celakovice, Czech Republic a kec@svum.cz, b ivo.cerny@seznam.cz Abstract The aim of this work was experimental study of the dents effect on structural integrity of a high-pressure gas pipeline with nominal diameter 300 mm after long-terme operation. Stress-strain behaviour of two dents was evaluated by strain gauge chains oriented in hoop direction. Dent profiles were measured by digital slide caliper in circumferential and longitudinal direction in points distant 10 mm from each other. Residual deformations were detected after internal pressure loading by water to the operating level. Negative and positive values of residual deformation were found wuth the help of strain gauges. Fatigue resistance was tested by 10 000 pressures cycles with load asymmetry R = 0 and maximum internal pressure p max = 6,3 MPa (nominal operating level). Internal pressure cyclic loading caused an increase of residual deformation values. By means of subsequent pressure burst test, the limit state of this type defect was found. Two dwells were realized in 66% and 100% yield stress. Negative values of strain were observed at strain gauges placed on edge of dents. Positive values of strain were found at strain gauges placed inside the dents. The increase of internal pressure led to the changes of dent shape. Dent depth decreased and the original circular tube profile was reached again. The ipe fracture occurred at the internal pressure of 19 MPa. Tensile properties a Charpy absorbed energy wer m asured on standartized specimens of the pip material. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. Keywords: Full scale test, gas pipeline, strain gauges measuring. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017 Abstract

© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. Nomenclature (List of symbols) H dent depth (mm) Dd minimum diameter of inscribed circle into the tube (pipe) after denting (mm) Dn external pipe diameter (mm) t pipe wall thickness (mm) Nomenclature (List of symbols) H dent depth (mm) Dd minimum diameter of inscribed circle into the tube (pipe) after denting (mm) Dn external pipe diameter (mm) t pipe wall thickness (mm) Keywords: High Pressure Turbine Blade; Creep; Finite Element Method; 3D Model; Simulation.

1. Introduction 1. Introduction

Natural gas became an indispensable source of energy and is used in quite large scale (heating, cooking, transport). Pipeline Natural gas became an indispensable source of energy and is used in quite large scale (heating, cooking, transport). Pipeline

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +351 218419991. E-mail address: amd@tecnico.ulisboa.pt * Corresponding author. Tel.: +420 326 509 044. E-mail address: kec@svum.cz * Corresponding author. Tel.: +420 326 509 044. E-mail address: kec@svum.cz

2452-3216 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of PCF 2016. 2452-3216  2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.07.180 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of ICSI 2017. 2452-3216 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-revi w under respon ibility of the Scientifi Committee of ICSI 2017.