PSI - Issue 44

ScienceDirect Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000 Structural Integrity Procedia 00 (2022) 000 – 000 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Sci nceDire t Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect

www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia

Procedia Structural Integrity 44 (2023) 1403–1410

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy. Abstract This work investigates the effect of international ground-motion sequences on the out-of-plane response of an ordinary-building façade. The following assumptions are made on the wall boundary conditions: the wall is resting on a foundation, it is adjacent to transverse walls and restrained by elasto-plastic tie rods with finite elongation capacity. Four walls are considered of different aspect ratio and size; two types of masonry are assumed, and the tie is designed following a force-based procedure according to the Commentary to the Italian Building Code. The walls are modelled as rigid blocks of finite thickness and free to rotate on one side only. The rocking response of the walls, excited in the out-of-plane direction under 56 sequences of records, is evaluated. The effect of sequences is estimated by the comparison of the response experienced during the sequence and under a single record, strongest in terms of either peak ground acceleration or velocity. Finally, in order to reduce the vulnerability originated by a seismic sequence, a proposal of a reduced behaviour factor to be adopted in the design of tie rods is formulated. © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Keywords: façade out of plane mechanism; force-based tie-rod design; dissipation of energy; hysteretic energy; behaviour factor Introduction Surveys after several earthquakes, e.g. the Canterbury earthquakes of 2010 – 2011 (Moon et al. 2014) and the Central Italy earthquakes of 2016-2017 (Mazzoni et al. 2018), show that strong ground motions often occur in sequences of main shocks of similar intensity within a very short time period. Existing masonry buildings all over the world XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Effect of ground-motion sequences on a unreinforced masonry wall restrained by an elasto-plastic tie-rod Omar AlShawa a, *, Fabrizio Mollaioli a , Laura Liberatore a , Domenico Liberatore a , Luigi Sorrentino a a Sapienza Università di Roma, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica, via Antonio Gramsci 53, Rome 00197, Italy. Abstract This work investigates the effect of international ground-motion sequences on the out-of-plane response of an ordinary-building façade. The following assumptions are made the wall boundary conditions: the wall is resting on a foundation, it is adjacent to transverse wal s and re trained by elasto-plastic tie rods with finite elongation cap city. Four walls are considered of different aspect atio nd size; two types of m onry re assume , and the ti is designed following a force-based proce ur according to the Commentary to the Italian Building Code. The walls are modell d as rigid blocks of finite thickne s and fr e to rotate o one side nly. The rocking respo se of the walls, excited in th out-of-pl ne directi n under 56 seque ce of records, is evaluated. Th effect of seque ces is estimated by the comparison of the res o se experie ce during the sequence an under single record, stronge t in terms of i her peak ground acceleration or velocity. Finally, n order to reduce th v l erability originated by a seismic sequ nce, a prop sal of a r duced beh viour f ctor to b adopted in the design of ti rods is formulated. © 2022 Th Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 ) Peer-review u der re ponsibility of scientific committe of the XIX ANIDIS C nfere ce, Seismic Engineering in Italy K ywords: façade out of plane mechanism; forc -based tie-rod d sign; dissipation of energy; hysteretic energy; behaviour factor 1. Introduction Surveys after several earthquakes, e.g. the Canterbury earthquakes of 2010 – 2011 (Moon et al. 2014) and the Central Italy arthquak s of 2016-2017 (Mazzoni et al. 2018), show that trong ground moti ns often occur in sequences of m in shocks of similar intensity withi a very short time period. Existing mas nry buildi gs all over th world XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy Effect of ground-motion sequences on a unreinforced masonry wall restrained by an elasto-plastic tie-rod Omar AlShawa a, *, Fabrizio Mollaioli a , Laura Liberatore a , Domenico Liberatore a , Luigi Sorrentino a a Sapienza Università di Roma, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica, via Antonio Gramsci 53, Rome 00197, Italy. 1.

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +390649919189; fax: +390649919183. E-mail address: omar.alshawa@uniroma1.it * Corresponding author. Tel.: +390649919189; fax: +390649919183. E-mail address: omar.alshawa@uniroma .it

2452-3216 © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy 2452-3216 © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy

2452-3216 © 2023 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the XIX ANIDIS Conference, Seismic Engineering in Italy. 10.1016/j.prostr.2023.01.180